ALTERNATIVES TO EXPERIMENTATION (INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL VALIDITY)

A research that lacks the manipulation of the antecedent conditions/ independent variable.

__________ do not create levels of an independent variavle nor randomly assign subjects to these levels.

the degree to which a research design allows us to make causal statements between the independent and dependent variables.

nonexperimental researchers have _____ internal validity, experimental researchers have _____ internal validity

• low, high

• high, low

An internally valid experiment allows us to draw _______________

An experiment has ____________ when we can demonstrate that only the antecedent conditions are responsible for group differences in behavior.

Laboratory experiments are often higher in __________ validity because of their control of extraneous variables.

Researchers create levels of the IV and use procedures like _________

It is the generalizability or applicability to people and situations outside the research setting.

__________ studies are more frequently conducted in real-world settings with a more diverse sample of participants than experiments.