1970 to End of Cold War

What was on of President Nixon's goals for the meeting shown in this photograph?

• To negotiate the withdrawal of US and Chinese soldiers from Korea.

• To create a military alliance with China against the Soviet Union

• To create an agreement limiting Chinese and Soviet development of nuclear weapons

• To normalize relations between the US and China

Answer explanation

President Nixon's goal for the meeting shown in the photograph was to normalize relations between the US and China.

What was the primary goal of discussions between these two leaders?

• To recognize the independence of former satellite states

• To reach a formal agreement on weapons control

• To negotiate the reunification of Germany

• To develop a global environmental-protection policy

Answer explanation

The primary goal of discussions between these two leaders was to reach a formal agreement on weapons control, as indicated by the correct answer choice.

What was one action that influenced the U.S.-Soviet signing of the SALT I treaty in 1972?

• Opening of diplomatic relations with China

• Involvement in the Watergate scandal

• Support of Israel during the Yom Kippur War

• Withdrawal of military forces from Vietnam

Answer explanation

The opening of diplomatic relations with China influenced the U.S.-Soviet signing of the SALT I treaty in 1972 by creating a strategic shift in the balance of power and leading to improved relations between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.

The policy objectives of Reaganomics were based on the theory that —

• borrowing from foreign countries would help cover the costs of domestic programs

• significant increases in government spending would help reduce unemployment

• broad tax cuts and financial deregulation would promote economic expansion

• reducing trade barriers would result in a budget surplus

Answer explanation

The correct choice is broad tax cuts and financial deregulation would promote economic expansion, as Reaganomics focused on these policies to stimulate economic growth.

Based on the excerpt, why were U.S. forces initially sent to Lebanon?

• To regain control of vital oil fields

• To provide military support to Syria

• To provide military assistance to Israel

• To help maintain peace between warring groups

Answer explanation

U.S. forces were initially sent to Lebanon to help maintain peace between warring groups, as stated in the excerpt.

Why was President Ronald Reagan criticized for the Iran-Contra Affair?

• His administration supported a revolution against an elected leader in Iran.

• His policies involved the sharing of nuclear technology with Iran.

• His policies threatened petroleum trade agreements with Iran.

• His administration violated an embargo by selling weapons to Iran.

Answer explanation

President Ronald Reagan was criticized for the Iran-Contra Affair because his administration violated an embargo by selling weapons to Iran.

For decades, the United States and _____ have maintained strong bilateral relations based on a number of factors, including robust domestic U.S. support for _____ and its security; shared strategic goals in the Middle East; a mutual commitment to democratic values; and historical ties dating from U.S. support for the creation of _____ in 1948. U.S. foreign aid has been a major component in cementing and reinforcing these ties.

The name of which Middle Eastern country correctly completes the excerpt?

• Egypt

• Israel

• Kuwait

• Saudi Arabia

Answer explanation

The correct choice is Israel as the excerpt mentions historical ties dating from U.S. support for the creation of Israel in 1948.

These demonstrations led to —

• a global energy crisis brought on by an OPEC oil embargo

• the bombing of a Marine barracks, followed by retaliatory U.S. air strikes

• a U.S. boycott of the Olympics in protest of events in Central Asia

• a hostage crisis that severely damaged confidence in the Carter administration

Answer explanation

The correct answer is a hostage crisis that severely damaged confidence in the Carter administration, as the demonstrations mentioned in the question led to this outcome.

How did President Ronald Reagan's administration support Contra rebels in Nicaragua after Congress cut funding for military aid?

• By secretly selling weapons to Iran in order to raise funds

• By confiscating funds seized in drug raids

• By implementing a sin tax on luxury items

• By collecting tariffs on oil imports from Saudi Arabia

Answer explanation

President Ronald Reagan's administration supported Contra rebels in Nicaragua after Congress cut funding for military aid by secretly selling weapons to Iran in order to raise funds.

In this excerpt, President Reagan is referring to what would become known as — "A few months ago I told the American people I did not trade arms for hostages. My heart and my best intentions still tell me that's true, but the facts and evidence tell me it is not. —President Ronald Reagan, address to the nation, March 4, 1987"

• the Iran-Contra affair

• the Watergate scandal

• the Plame affair

• the Whitewater controversy

Answer explanation

President Reagan's statement refers to the Iran-Contra affair, where arms were traded for hostages, despite his initial denial.