¿Cuál es la principal unidad excretora de los vertebrados superiores?

Farmacología II 2.1

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Others
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University
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Hard
Lynn Abmel
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19 questions
Show all answers
1.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
Cavidad interna o pelvis
Médula interna
Corteza externa
Glomérulo
Answer explanation
The main excretory unit in higher vertebrates is the internal cavity or pelvis, which collects and excretes waste products from the body.
2.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
¿Qué hormona aumenta el retorno de agua a la sangre y disminuye la pérdida de agua?
Factor natriurético atrial
Hormona antidiurética
Insulina
Aldosterona
Answer explanation
The correct choice is Hormona antidiurética, which increases water reabsorption in the blood and decreases water loss.
3.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
¿Cuál es el mecanismo de acción de los diuréticos de Asa?
Actúan por acción osmótica en la asa de Henle
Inhiben la anhidrasa carbónica en el túbulo contorneado proximal
Inhiben el cotransporte Na+/K+/2Cl- en el segmento grueso de la rama ascendente de la asa de Henle
Inhiben el cotransporte Na+/Cl- en la porción terminal del segmento diluyente cortical
Answer explanation
The correct choice is that diuretics of Asa inhibit the cotransport of Na+/K+/2Cl- in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
4.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
¿Cuál es el principal efecto adverso de los diuréticos ahorradores de potasio?
Hiperpotasemia
Hiponatremia
Hipocalcemia
Hiperuricemia
Answer explanation
The main adverse effect of potassium-sparing diuretics is hyperkalemia, which is an elevated level of potassium in the blood.
5.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
¿En qué condiciones se utilizan los diuréticos tiazídicos?
Diabetes insípida nefrógena
Hipertensión arterial esencial
Edema agudo de pulmón
Hipercalcemia
Answer explanation
Thiazide diuretics are used in essential hypertension, making it the correct choice among the options provided.
6.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
¿Cuál es el mecanismo de acción de los inhibidores de la anhidrasa carbónica?
Aumentan la excreción urinaria de calcio
Bloquean selectivamente el receptor de aldosterona
Disminuyen la reabsorción de HCO3- y agua
Inhiben la reabsorción de Na+ y K+
Answer explanation
The correct mechanism of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is to decrease the reabsorption of HCO3- and water in the kidneys.
7.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
¿Qué aplicaciones clínicas tienen los diuréticos osmóticos?
Prevención de la formación de cálculos renales
Disminuir la presión intraocular en glaucoma
Tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial
Edema por hiperaldosteronismo secundario a cirrosis hepática
Answer explanation
The correct choice is to decrease intraocular pressure in glaucoma, which is a clinical application of osmotic diuretics.
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