1.3 State Building in S.& SE Asia

Which three main belief systems were established in South and Southeast Asia around 1200?

• Hinduism, Islam, and Buddhism

• Hinduism, Christianity, and Buddhism

• Buddhism, Shintoism, and Hinduism

• Islam, Christianity, and Judaism

What is the ultimate goal of a Hindu believer?

• To reunite their soul with Brahma

• To achieve enlightenment

• To live a life without sin

• To ascend to heaven

How does Buddhism differ from Hinduism regarding the caste system?

• There is no difference in their views on the caste system

• Buddhism created the caste system

• Buddhism rejects the caste system

• Buddhism supports the caste system more strongly

What characteristic makes Buddhism a universalizing religion?

• Its focus on meditation and enlightenment

• Its adaptability to various cultures

• Its rejection of the caste system

• Its foundation in the Indian subcontinent

What was a major reason for the decline of Buddhism in South Asia by 1200?

• The rise of the Delhi Sultanate

• The spread of the Bhakti movement

• Buddhism becoming more exclusive

• The influence of Christian missionaries

What led to the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate?

• The spread of Buddhism

• The decline of Hindu kingdoms

• The expansion of the Vijayanagara Empire

• Turkic Muslim invaders setting up an empire

What is the Bhakti movement?

• A Hindu movement emphasizing personal devotion to deities

• A Buddhist reform movement

• A secular movement in Southeast Asia

• An Islamic mystical movement

Which empire controlled the Strait of Malacca and became wealthy by taxing ships?

• The Khmer Empire

• The Delhi Sultanate

• The Majapahit Kingdom

• The Sri Vijaya Empire

What is syncretism, as demonstrated in the Khmer Empire?

• The rejection of old beliefs for new ones

• The expansion of a religion into new territories

• The division of an empire into smaller states

• The blending of elements from different religions

Which kingdom was known for creating a tributary system in Southeast Asia?

• The Sri Vijaya Empire

• The Delhi Sultanate

• The Majapahit Kingdom

• The Khmer Empire