Lawrence Kohlberg's Moral Reasoning

At which level of moral development do individuals conform to social norms and rules to maintain social order?

• Pre-conventional level

• Conventional level

• Post-conventional level

• Unconventional level

What is the primary concern of individuals at the pre-conventional level of moral development?

• Seeking approval from others

• Avoiding punishment and seeking rewards for oneself

• Upholding universal ethical principles

• Maintaining social order

In Kohlberg's theory, what characterizes the highest level of moral development?

• Pre-conventional level

• Conventional level

• Post-conventional level

• Transitional level

  Answer

At which stage of moral development do individuals base their moral decisions on self-interest and personal gain?

• Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Orientation

• Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange

• Stage 3: Good Interpersonal Relationships

• Stage 4: Maintaining Social Order

  Answer

What is the central theme of the post-conventional level of moral development?

• Seeking social approval

• Conforming to societal norms

• Following authority figures

• Recognition of universal ethical principles

Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment

• obeying rules is important because it means avoiding punishment

• children account for individual points of view

• living up to a social expectation and role

Pre-Conventional
Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange

• judge actions based on how they serve individual needs

• obeying rules is important because it means avoiding punishment

• children account for individual points of view

• children see rules as fixed and absolute

Conventional
Stage 3: Interpersonal Relationships

• children account for individual points of view

• maintaining law and order by following the rules

• conformity

• living up to a social expectation and role

Conventional
Stage 4: Maintaining the Social Order

• maintaining law and order by following the rules

• conformity

• -it is one's duty to respect authority

• udge actions based on how they serve individual needs

Post-Conventional
Stage 5: Social Contact and Individual Rights

• rules are important, and members of society should agree on these standards

• people account for differing values, opinions, and beliefs in others

• it is one's duty to respect authority

• conformity