On Ramps Biology Unit 7 Cell Cycle Review

What phase directly precedes mitosis in the cell cycle?

• G1 phase

• S phase

• G2 phase

• Cytokinesis

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Identify the phase of interphase associated with DNA replication.

• G1 phase

• S phase

• G2 phase

• M phase

During which phase of mitosis do the nuclear envelope and nucleolus begin to break down and disappear?

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

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Define the role of the mitotic spindle in mitosis.

• It divides the cell's cytoplasm.

• It ensures that each daughter cell gets an identical set of chromosomes.

• It duplicates the cell's DNA.

• It produces the cell's energy.

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Why do eukaryotes need to use mitosis in cell division when prokaryotes do not?

• Eukaryotes have more complex genetic material

• Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus

• Mitosis is faster in eukaryotes

• Prokaryotes use mitosis for cell division

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What is the primary difference in the mechanism of cytokinesis between plant and animal cells?

• Plant cells divide by forming a cleavage furrow, whereas animal cells divide by forming a cell plate.

• Both plant and animal cells use a cell plate for cytokinesis.

• Animal cells undergo cytokinesis by forming a cleavage furrow, while plant cells do so by developing a cell plate.

• Cytokinesis is a process that occurs only in animal cells, not in plant cells.

What mechanism do plant cells use for cytokinesis?

• Formation of a cleavage furrow similar to animal cells.

• Use of a contractile ring to divide the cell into two.

• Development of a cell plate that eventually becomes the cell wall.

• Dissolution and reformation of the cell membrane around the two new nuclei.

What plays a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle by triggering various checkpoints?

• The sequence of phases G1, S, G2, and M

• The mechanism of mitosis and cytokinesis

• The role of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)

• The process of DNA replication

Which of the following best outlines the role of cyclins and CDKs in checkpoint control and traits common to all cancer cells?

• Cyclins and CDKs regulate the cell cycle and are often deregulated in cancer cells, which share traits such as evading growth suppressors and resisting cell death.

• Cyclins and CDKs are unrelated to checkpoint control but are vital for cellular respiration, a process not affected in cancer cells.

• Cyclins are solely responsible for cell division, and CDKs are not involved in the process. Cancer cells are defined by their ability to perform photosynthesis.

• CDKs control the cell cycle independently of cyclins, and cancer cells are characterized by their decreased growth rate and heightened sensitivity to apoptosis.

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Distinguish between benign and malignant tumors.

• Benign tumors are non-cancerous, while malignant tumors are cancerous.

• Benign tumors spread to other parts of the body, while malignant tumors do not.

• Benign and malignant tumors are both highly cancerous and spread quickly.

• There is no difference between benign and malignant tumors.