6.7 Idologies of Change and Reform Movements

What major event significantly disrupted the social and political structures in Europe at the end of the 18th century?

• The discovery of the New World

• The signing of the Magna Carta

• The Industrial Revolution

• The invention of the printing press

Which ideology emphasizes individual natural rights and popular sovereignty?

• Liberalism

• Feudalism

• Monarchism

• Totalitarianism

Who developed the philosophy of utilitarianism?

• Jeremy Bentham

• John Locke

• Adam Smith

• Thomas Hobbes

What does utilitarianism suggest about actions?

• They should promote individual wealth

• They should comply with divine laws

• They should support government power

• They should increase happiness for the majority

Which movement in England demanded universal male suffrage?

• Girondism

• Bolshevism

• Jacobinism

• Chartism

What does socialism advocate regarding the means of production?

• It should be owned by the community as a whole

• It should be owned by individual entrepreneurs

• It should be managed by foreign investors

• It should be controlled by the monarchy

Who is associated with the concept of utopian socialism?

• Friedrich Engels

• Karl Marx

• Henri de Saint-Simon

• Vladimir Lenin

What is the main idea behind anarchism?

• Religious institutions should govern society

• A strong centralized government is necessary

• Economic systems should be based on free-market principles

• All forms of governmental authority should be overthrown

Which book did Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels publish in 1848?

• The Wealth of Nations

• Das Kapital

• The Communist Manifesto

• The Social Contract

What did John Stuart Mill advocate for in 'The Subjection of Women'?

• The return to traditional values

• The abolition of slavery

• Equal rights for women

• The expansion of the British Empire