Cultural Bias in Psychology - quiz

What percentage of research participants in leading psychology journals came from the United States according to Joseph Henrich et al (2010)?

• 50%

• 96%

• 80%

• 68%

What term did Henrich et al coin to describe the group of people most likely to be studied by psychologists?

• STANDARD

• BIASED

• WEIRD

• NORMAL

What is ethnocentrism?

• A universal approach to human behavior

• A belief in the superiority of one’s own cultural group

• A method of studying cultures from within

• A belief in the equality of all cultures

Which researchers' work on attachment type is criticized for reflecting only the norms and values of American culture?

• Joseph Henrich and Steven Pinker

• Mary Ainsworth and Sylvia Bell

• John Berry and Dov Cohen

• Stephen Jay Gould and Yohtaro Takano

What is an etic approach in the study of human behavior?

• Assuming all behaviors are culturally relative

• Studying behavior within a culture

• Looking at behavior from outside of a given culture

• Identifying behaviors specific to a culture

What did John Berry argue psychology has often been guilty of?

• Imposed etic approach

• Ethnocentrism

• Cultural relativism

• Emic approach

What did Yohtaro Takano and Eiko Osaka (1999) find in their studies comparing the US and Japan?

• Universal behaviors

• Significant cultural differences

• High rates of conformity

• No evidence of individualism or collectivism

What is cultural psychology according to Dov Cohen (2017)?

• The study of ethnocentric assumptions

• The study of universal human behaviors

• The study of how people shape and are shaped by their cultural experience

• The study of individualist cultures

What did Stephen Jay Gould (1981) explain about the first intelligence tests?

• They were culturally unbiased

• They led to eugenic social policies in the US

• They accurately measured intelligence

• They were universally applicable

What does research by Ekman (1989) suggest about basic facial expressions for emotions?

• They are the same all over the human and animal world

• They vary significantly across cultures

• They are learned behaviors

• They are specific to individualist cultures