Test Pronoun Antecedent + Modifiers

1. Shakespeare’s Shylock is both hero and villain, a flawed human being so consumed with anger, and this causes him to deny his own sense of morality in order to obtain revenge

• anger, and this causes him to deny his own sense of morality

• anger, which causes his denying his own sense of morality

• anger and denying his own sense of morality

• anger that he denies his own sense of morality

2. According to education professor Christina Schwarz, childhood is an important state of development in its own right, but many parents once thought it was a mere springboard to adulthood.

• but many parents once thought it was a mere springboard to adulthood

• despite many parents’ once thinking that it was a mere springboard to adulthood

• although the idea that it is a springboard to adulthood was once shared by many parents

• not, as many parents once thought, a mere springboard to adulthood

4. After dealing with a spider infestation, leaky ceilings, and numerous electrical problems, the house was abandoned by its owners.

• the house was abandoned by its owners

• the house being abandoned by its owners

• the owners of the house abandoned it

• the owners of the house, who abandoned it

Because of the efforts of the new president, the university is making a renewed attempt to reestablish contact with thousands of their graduates.

• is making

• to reestablish

• with

• their

The clash between the natural world with human settlement calls for a careful analysis that involves disciplines ranging from biology to economics.

• calls for

• with

• that involves

• ranging