Chap2: Ethical Theories in Business

Consequentialist ethical theories primarily determine the morality of an action based on:

• The intentions behind the action

• The inherent nature of the action itself

• The consequences or outcomes of the action

• The traditions and customs of a society

Which of the following is the most well-known form of consequentialist ethics?

• Deontology

• Utilitarianism

• Virtue ethics

• Divine command theory

In utilitarianism, a consequentialist theory, an action is considered morally right if:

• It is done out of a sense of duty

• It conforms to a universal moral law

• It maximizes overall happiness or pleasure

• It is consistent with one's personal values

Which of the following statements best reflects a consequentialist perspective?

• "Actions are right if they are done out of respect for moral rules."

• "Actions are right if they develop virtuous character traits."

• "Actions are right if they align with societal norms."

• "Actions are right if they lead to the greatest good for the greatest number."

One criticism of consequentialist theories is that they can sometimes:

• Ignore the importance of moral rules and duties

• Disregard the need for personal virtues

• Overemphasize the role of intentions in moral decision-making

• Fail to consider the consequences of actions

Which of the following is an example of a consequentialist approach to ethics?

• Deciding to lie because it is against moral principles

• Following a rule regardless of the outcome

• Choosing to tell a lie to prevent harm to others

• Acting out of a sense of duty

Which of the following best describes the "greatest happiness principle" in utilitarianism?

• It advocates actions that promote the most happiness for the most people

• It focuses on achieving personal contentment

• It prioritizes the well-being of the individual over the group

• It emphasizes following moral laws above all else

Which of the following scenarios aligns with a consequentialist approach to ethics?

• Breaking a promise to help more people in need

• Keeping a promise even if it leads to negative outcomes

• Refusing to lie because lying is inherently wrong

• Acting out of a sense of duty regardless of the consequences

Which statement best reflects a consequentialist approach to public policy?

• Policies should be implemented based on adherence to traditional values and customs.

• Policies should be evaluated based on their potential to maximize overall societal well-being and minimize harm.

• Policies should align with the personal values of policymakers, regardless of outcomes.

• Policies should follow strict moral principles without consideration of consequences.

Which of the following scenarios would a consequentialist most likely support?

• Making decisions based on what maximizes overall happiness, even if it means breaking some rules.

• Upholding a rule that prohibits all forms of lying.

• Following cultural traditions without considering their impact on well-being.

• Adhering strictly to duties regardless of the outcomes.