Chapter 3 Study Guide

The basic units of matter, the smallest units that maintain the chemical properties of an element, are called

• atoms.

• lipids.

• compounds.

• molecules.

Because of their large size, proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids are together called

• solutions.

• elements.

• hydrocarbons.

• macromolecules.

Why is water often called “the universal solvent”?

• It can dissolve many other molecules.

• Water can turn into a solid form.

• Water is a type of solution.

• It solves most of the world’s environmental problems.

Predator prey relationships are an example of a

• system with no feedback.

• positive feedback loop.

• negative feedback loop.

• destabilizing system.

Which sphere of Earth is made of all the rock above and below Earth's surface?

• lithosphere

• geosphere

• hydrosphere

• atmosphere

The lithosphere is carried on a softer, but still firm, layer of rock called the

• geosphere.

• core.

• crust.

• asthenosphere.

Which sphere are humans a part of?

• geosphere

• hydrosphere

• biosphere

• atmosphere

A change in state in which water returns to Earth's surface and changes from a vapor to a liquid is called

• condensation

• transpiration

• evaporation

• recharge

Matter that organisms require for their life processes are called

• legumes

• decomposers

• fertilizers

• nutrients

What products are created by the process of photosynthesis?

• the sun's light and energy

• oxygen and carbohydrates

• phosphorus and nitrogen

• carbon dioxide and water