Extremophiles Quiz BWHS

Deep ocean technology has discovered organisms in hydrothermal vents that do not rely on sunlight to survive. What do these organisms use as their energy source?

• chemosynthesis

• electrical charge

• hydropower

• thermal heat

Answer explanation

Organisms in hydrothermal vents use chemosynthesis to convert inorganic compounds into energy, allowing them to thrive without sunlight. This process is essential for their survival in such extreme environments.

Organisms that can live in extreme environments are called:

• hooligans

• extremists

• extremophiles

• extremely rare

Answer explanation

Organisms that thrive in extreme environments, such as high temperatures or acidity, are known as extremophiles. The other options do not accurately describe these unique organisms.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

What generates the heat required to fuel hydrothermal vents?

• The sun

• Cold seeps

• Volcanism

• Underwater plants

Answer explanation

Hydrothermal vents are fueled by heat generated from volcanism, which involves the movement of magma beneath the Earth's crust. This process heats the surrounding water, creating the conditions necessary for the vents to form.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-3

Match the following

• a crewed deep-ocean research submersible

• Hydrothermal Vents

• an opening in the sea floor out of which heated mineral-rich water flows

• Alvin

• a microorganism that lives in conditions of extreme temperature,

• Extremophile

• an area of the ocean floor that has a high concentration of energy rich nutrients

• Cold seeps

• the synthesis of organic compounds by using energy derived from resources other than the sun

• Chemosynthesis

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What types of environments do extremophiles live in? (select all that apply)

• very high or low temperatures

• very high Salt concentration

• room temperature

Answer explanation

Extremophiles thrive in extreme conditions, such as very high or low temperatures and very high salt concentrations. They are not typically found in room temperature environments, which are more suitable for regular organisms.

How are Archaea and Bacteria similar? (Select all that apply)

• Prokaryotes (no nucleus)

• Unicellular organisms

• Have genetic material

• Have ribosomes

• Can be heterotrophs or autotrophs

Answer explanation

Archaea and Bacteria are both prokaryotes, meaning they lack a nucleus. They are unicellular, possess genetic material, have ribosomes, and can be either heterotrophs or autotrophs, highlighting their similarities.

Which statement best explains which Domain the Tradigrade is classified in Taxonomy?

• Archaea because it is microscopic, has no nucleus and lives in extreme environments.

• Eubacteria because it is microscopic, has no nucleus and lives in mosses.

• Eukarya because it has a nucleus.

• None of the above are Domains.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is Eukarya because Tradigrades, also known as water bears, are multicellular organisms with a nucleus, placing them in the Eukarya domain, unlike Archaea and Eubacteria which are prokaryotic.

What does Tardigrades mean in latin?

• Roly poly

• Slow stepper

• Squashed face

• Big claws

Answer explanation

The term 'Tardigrades' comes from Latin, where 'tardus' means 'slow' and 'gradus' means 'step.' Thus, it translates to 'slow stepper,' accurately describing their slow movement.

Which Kingdom do Tardigrades belong in?

• Eubacteria

• Fungi

• Protista

• Animalia

Answer explanation

Tardigrades, also known as water bears, are microscopic animals that belong to the Kingdom Animalia. They are distinct from bacteria, fungi, and protists, which are classified in separate kingdoms.

How have Tardigrades adapted to environmental stresses such as a lack of water, surviving extreme cold, and living in salt water?

• Anhydrobiosis

• Cryobiosis

• Osmosisbiosis

• All of the above

Answer explanation

Tardigrades have adapted to environmental stresses through anhydrobiosis (surviving dry conditions), cryobiosis (withstanding extreme cold), and osmosisbiosis (thriving in salt water), making 'All of the above' the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4