The English Civil War: Causes and Consequences

The English Civil War (1642-1651) was a series of conflicts between Parliament and Royalists, resulting in the death of King Charles I. The war was fueled by disputes over religion, power, and money. Charles I's belief in the divine right of kings clashed with Parliament's desire for governance input. Financial strains and religious tensions further escalated the conflict. The war ended with Charles I's execution and the temporary abolition of the monarchy. In 1660, Charles II was restored to the throne, marking a new era with limited royal power.

What were the main issues that led to the English Civil War?

• Trade, exploration, and colonization

• Religion, power, and money

• Education, health, and welfare

• Science, technology, and innovation

Why was Charles I unpopular with the Puritans?

• He banned all religious practices

• He supported elaborate and ceremonial worship

• He refused to marry a Protestant

• He converted to Catholicism

What was the divine right of kings?

• The belief that kings were chosen by God to rule

• The idea that kings should be elected by the people

• The concept that kings should share power with Parliament

• The notion that kings should be advisors to the church

How did Charles I respond when Parliament refused to grant more taxes for the war against Spain?

• He levied a forced loan and imprisoned those who refused to pay

• He increased trade tariffs

• He declared war on Parliament

• He sought financial aid from France

How did Charles I's financial policies contribute to the Civil War?

• They led to economic prosperity

• They were supported by all factions

• They caused widespread poverty

• They angered Parliament and led to his dismissal of it

What event marked the beginning of the English Civil War?

• The Battle of Hastings

• The invasion of Scotland

• The publication of the 19 propositions

• The execution of Charles I

What was the outcome of the English Civil War?

• The establishment of a republic

• The restoration of the monarchy with restrictions on royal power

• The complete abolition of the monarchy

• The division of England into separate states

Who were the Cavaliers during the English Civil War?

• Supporters of Parliament

• Supporters of King Charles I

• Neutral parties

• Foreign mercenaries

What was the significance of the 19 propositions?

• They were a declaration of war against France

• They were a peace treaty with Scotland

• They outlined a new economic policy

• They proposed religious reforms and increased powers for Parliament

What was the role of propaganda during the English Civil War?

• It had no significant impact

• It was used to rally support for both sides

• It was banned by both Parliament and the King

• It was used to promote peace