AP Psych 910A Unit 2 Homework

An instructor conducted an experiment to determine the effects of two different methods of encoding on the amount students learned in introductory psychology. The results showed that the average amount learned by the group using one encoding method was greater than the average amount learned by the group using the other encoding method. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Which of the following is the most appropriate conclusion to be drawn?

• There is a possibility that the difference between the two groups occurred by chance.

• The better study method will have different effects for students of varying levels of ability.

• There is a positive correlation between the results of the two methods

• The group of students attaining the higher mean score had studied more than the other group.

A basic assumption underlying short-term memory is that it is 5PS26

• resistant to decay

• not under conscious control

• limited in capacity

• unlimited in capacity

Kaori is traveling on an airplane for the first time. As the plane takes off, she watches the automobiles driving on the freeway below. Even though the automobiles seem to get smaller as the airplane gains altitude, Kaori does not perceive the cars as shrinking but still perceives them to be their normal size. Which perceptual principle best describes this phenomenon? 5PS22

• Illusion

• Absolute threshold

• Contrast

• Constancy

An individual’s ability to focus on a particular conversation in a noisy and crowded room is called 5PS21

• auditory localization

• selective attention

• dichotic listening

• divided attention

Four-year-old Craig understands that birds build nests in trees. In his front yard, Craig notices an unusually large nest. He is scared to go near it, fearing that some large bird may attack him. Craig’s father explains to him that squirrels also build nests and that the nest in the front yard is that of a squirrel. Craig changes his thinking to now include the fact that squirrels build nests. Jean Piaget would say that Craig’s new way of thinking about nests is an example of 5PS23

• an algorithm

• a heuristic

• insight

• accommodation

During English class, Caleb is worried about an unfinished history project he needs to turn in later in the day. While the English teacher and other students discuss a short story the class just read, Caleb’s attention is focused on how to finish the history project. The next day he is unable to recall the short story details presented in English class. The recall problem is most likely due to 5PS28.

• retroactive interference

• retrieval failure

• proactive interference

• encoding failure

A teacher has to learn 170 new student names every year and finds it difficult to remember the names of former students. The teacher’s memory problem most likely results from 5PS29.

• a) anterograde amnesia

• b) retroactive interference

• c) proactive interference

• d) retroactive amnesia

Devi spent time developing a set of note cards for an upcoming test that used word associations based on what the words meant in relation to each other. Which of the following did Devi use with this study method?

• Effortful processing

• Procedural memory

• State-dependent memory

• Latent learning

According to the formula for an intelligence quotient (IQ), the IQ of a ten-year-old child with a mental age of eight and a half years is which of the following?

• 100

• 95

• 115

• 85

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates context-dependent memory? 5PS27

• Edgar solves his jigsaw puzzles faster when he completes the edges first.

• Jeannette does better on her exam when she takes it in the same room where she studies.

• Rosemarie shoots more accurately at her archery competition when other people are around.

• Carol performs better in her recital when she practices in short sessions, several times a day.