What is emphasized in the scientific method?

• Intuitive processes

• Empirical processes

• Random guessing

• Subjective reporting

What is a key characteristic of experimental research?

• Random assignment of subjects

• Focus on case studies

• No control over variables

• Use of only observational methods

Which of the following is a method for gathering information in non-experimental research?

• Double-blind experiments

• Randomized controlled trials

• Meta-analysis

• Case studies

What does correlation measure?

• Causation between variables

• Strength of a relationship

• Randomness of data

• Variability in data

What is the principle of falsifiability?

• Hypotheses must be proven true

• Hypotheses must be stated to be disproven

• Only experimental research is valid

• All research must be qualitative

What is a dependent variable?

• The variable that is irrelevant

• The variable that is controlled

• The variable that is measured

• The variable that is manipulated

What type of research allows for causal inferences?

• Experimental research

• Non-experimental research

• Qualitative research

• Descriptive research

What is a characteristic of observational studies?

• They require random assignment

• They involve manipulation of variables

• They focus on careful observation

• They are always conducted in a lab

What is the purpose of random assignment in experiments?

• To increase the sample size

• To ensure all variables are controlled

• To eliminate bias in group assignment

• To measure dependent variables

What does the coefficient of correlation indicate?

• The cause of a relationship

• The strength of a relationship

• The direction of causation

• The variability of data