From Farm to Factory: Industrialization and Urbanization

What were some of the factors that encouraged industrialization and Big Business in the United States in the late 1800s?

• Abundant natural resources

• High tariffs on imports

• Lack of technological innovation

• Strict government regulations

How did transportation change most Americans’ standard of living?

• Improved access to goods and services

• Increased travel time

• Decreased job opportunities

• Reduced communication

The Transcontinental Railroad impacted Native Americans by:

• Providing new trade opportunities

• Displacing them from their lands

• Improving their living conditions

• Establishing new alliances

The Chinese Exclusion Act was a significant event in U.S. history. What was its primary impact on Chinese immigrants?

• It allowed more Chinese immigrants to enter the U.S.

• It restricted Chinese immigrants from entering the U.S.

• It provided citizenship to Chinese immigrants.

• It had no impact on Chinese immigration.

What were some of the pros and cons of Big Business? Think about the effects on entrepreneurs, workers, and the consumer.

• Pros: Economic growth, job creation; Cons: Monopolies, worker exploitation

• Pros: Monopolies, worker exploitation; Cons: Economic growth, job creation

• Pros: Decreased competition, lower prices; Cons: Innovation, higher wages

• Pros: Innovation, higher wages; Cons: Decreased competition, lower prices

Identify two examples of negative and positive effects of urbanization.

• Increased pollution and traffic congestion; Improved infrastructure and economic growth

• Decreased pollution and reduced traffic; Decline in infrastructure and economic stagnation

• Increased rural population and reduced economic opportunities; Enhanced cultural exchange and better healthcare

• Improved rural development and decreased pollution; Increased unemployment and poor healthcare

What were the push and pull factors that motivated immigration? Identify two examples of each.

• Push factors: war, famine; Pull factors: job opportunities, political stability

• Push factors: job opportunities, political stability; Pull factors: war, famine

• Push factors: climate, education; Pull factors: war, famine

• Push factors: political stability, job opportunities; Pull factors: climate, education

What were the reasons as to why labor unions were formed during the Industrial Revolution?

• To improve working conditions and wages

• To support industrialists

• To reduce working hours for management

• To increase taxes on goods

Which of the following did NOT help bring about the rise of big business?

• Advertising

• Improvements in transportation

• Lower production costs

• Lower population in cities

What was one way labor unions tried to improve conditions for workers?

• By encouraging workers to work longer hours

• Organizing strikes to demand better conditions

• Promoting the use of child labor

• Increasing the cost of union membership