Understanding Hypertension Medications

What is the primary function of diuretics in hypertension?

• To reduce blood volume and lower blood pressure.

• To provide pain relief and reduce inflammation.

• To enhance kidney function and promote muscle growth.

• To increase heart rate and improve circulation.

Name one example of a thiazide diuretic.

• Furosemide

• Spironolactone

• Amiloride

• Hydrochlorothiazide

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of thiazide diuretics?

• Stimulation of calcium reabsorption in the loop of Henle.

• Inhibition of water reabsorption in the collecting duct.

• Inhibition of potassium-sodium exchange in the proximal tubule.

• Inhibition of sodium-chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule.

List two uses of thiazide diuretics.

• Management of hypertension, treatment of edema

• Management of heart failure

• Treatment of diabetes insipidus

• Prevention of kidney stones

What is a common side effect of thiazide diuretics?

• Hyperkalemia

• Hypokalemia

• Dehydration

• Weight gain

Name one example of a loop diuretic.

• Spironolactone

• Furosemide

• Amiloride

• Hydrochlorothiazide

What is the MOA of loop diuretics?

• Loop diuretics enhance potassium secretion in the collecting duct.

• Loop diuretics block the reabsorption of glucose in the proximal tubule.

• Loop diuretics work by inhibiting the Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter in the loop of Henle.

• Loop diuretics increase sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.

List two uses of loop diuretics.

• Treatment of diabetes mellitus.

• Management of chronic pain.

• Prevention of blood clots.

• 1. Treatment of edema associated with heart failure. 2. Management of hypertension.

What is a potential side effect of loop diuretics related to hearing?

• Ototoxicity leading to hearing loss or tinnitus

• Enhanced hearing sensitivity

• Improved kidney function

• Increased appetite and weight gain

What is a common electrolyte imbalance caused by loop diuretics?

• Hypokalemia

• Hyperkalemia

• Hyponatremia

• Hypocalcemia