The Lallakay Governance System of the Tingguians of Abra

What is the Lallakay?

• A council of elders

• A form of agricultural practice

• A type of traditional dance

• A local festival

What is the primary role of the Pangat in the Tingguian governance system?

• To oversee resource management

• To act as a mediator and maintain peace

• To lead traditional ceremonies

• To manage external relations

Which principle is emphasized in the Lapat system?

• Individual ownership of resources

• Environmental management by the people

• Profit maximization

• Centralized decision-making

What does the Lallakay emphasize in its decision-making process?

• Top-down authority

• Majority rule

• Random selection

• Consensus-based decision-making

What is the focus of the restorative justice approach in the Lallakay system?

• Punishment of offenders

• Deterrence of crime

• Restoration of social harmony

• Public shaming

How are the Umili involved in the Tingguian governance system?

• They are the leaders of the community

• They participate in decision-making

• They enforce laws

• They manage resources

What is a key characteristic of the Lallakay's leadership?

• Charismatic leadership

• Authoritarian rule

• Phronetic leadership

• Inherited authority

What is the primary source of authority for the Lallakay?

• Religious doctrines

• International law

• Ancestral traditions

• Government regulations

What does the term 'ug-ugali' refer to in the context of the Lallakay system?

• A community festival

• A form of punishment

• Customary traditions

• A type of resource management

What is the role of the Umili in the selection of elders?

• They have no role

• They are appointed by the Pangat

• They choose based on moral character

• They select based on popularity