Workshop 3

What was the EU measure in issue in C-26/62 Van Gend en Loos [1963]?

• Treaty Article

• Directive

• Regulation

• Implementing Act

Is the following statement found in Van Gend en Loos: "The Treaty is more than an agreement"?

• True

• False

Is the following statement found in Van Gend true or false? "The EU constitutes a New Legal Order of International Law".

• True

• False

Is the following statement found in Van Gend true or false? "EU Law imposes obligations through the legislation of MS".

• True

• False

Is the following statement found in Van Gend T or F? "EU Law imposes obligations and confers rights onto individuals"

• True

• False

Van Gend : True or False? "Rights conferred on individuals by EU Law become part of their legal heritage".

• True

• False

C-43/75 Defrenne v SABENA [1976] established that:

• Directives are vertically directly effective

• Treaty Articles and Directives are vertically and horizontally DE

• Treaty Articles are vertically and horizontally DE

• Directives are vertically and horizontally DE

  C-152/84 Marshall I [1986] decided that:

• Directives could only be enforced against the State or arms of the State

• Directives could be enforced against both the State and individuals

• Both regulations and directives can be enforced against individuals

• Private employers are bound by directives

According to Ratti individuals can only rely on the directive directly if the implementation date has passed

• True

• False

Horizontal Direct Effect is when an individual an invokes EU Law against another individual.

• True

• False