AP Biology: Unit 4 Review (CED) Cell Comm (No Cell Division)
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Biology
•
9th - 12th Grade
•
Hard
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a signal transduction pathway?
Back
A series of molecular events and chemical reactions that lead to a cellular response after a signal (ligand) binds to a receptor.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the three main stages of a signal transduction pathway?
Back
Reception, transduction, and response.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What role do ligands play in signal transduction?
Back
Ligands are signaling molecules that bind to receptors to initiate the signal transduction pathway.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the function of secondary messengers in signal transduction?
Back
Secondary messengers amplify the signal and help propagate the response within the cell.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
Define negative feedback in biological systems.
Back
A regulatory mechanism in which a change in a physiological variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change, helping to maintain homeostasis.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the difference between positive and negative feedback mechanisms?
Back
Positive feedback amplifies a response, while negative feedback reduces or counteracts a response.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a phosphorylation cascade?
Back
A series of events in which one enzyme activates another by adding a phosphate group, leading to a chain reaction that amplifies the signal.
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