Revision - Bowlby's Theory of Maternal Deprivation

What is the main focus of Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation?

• The importance of vitamins and proteins

• The effects of institutionalization

• The loss of emotional care from a caregiver

• The role of an internal working model

Answer explanation

Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation emphasizes the critical role of emotional care from a caregiver. The absence of this care can lead to significant emotional and developmental issues in children.

What can prolonged separation from the mother cause, according to Bowlby?

• Improved intellectual development

• Serious damage to a child's emotional and intellectual development

• Better social skills

• Increased independence

Answer explanation

According to Bowlby, prolonged separation from the mother can lead to serious damage to a child's emotional and intellectual development, highlighting the importance of maternal attachment for healthy growth.

What is the primary focus of the document titled 'Influence of Attachments'?

• The effects of institutionalization

• Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation

• The role of early education

• The importance of physical health

Answer explanation

The document primarily focuses on Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation, which emphasizes the impact of early attachments on emotional and psychological development, making it the correct choice.

What did Bowlby (1944) find about affectionless thieves?

• They had no separations from their mothers

• They had early and prolonged separations from their mothers

• They had higher IQs than other thieves

• They were more likely to be adopted

Answer explanation

Bowlby (1944) found that affectionless thieves experienced early and prolonged separations from their mothers, which contributed to their emotional detachment and behavioral issues.

What does the research suggest about maternal deprivation?

• It has no long-term effects.

• It leads to positive behavior.

• It leads to long-term negative effects, such as criminal behavior.

• It is beneficial for independence.

Answer explanation

Research indicates that maternal deprivation can lead to long-term negative effects, including increased risk of criminal behavior, highlighting the importance of stable maternal relationships in early development.

What external factors might have influenced the children's behavior in Bowlby's study?

• Excellent living conditions

• Traumatic time during the war and poor quality institutions

• High-quality education

• Supportive family environment

Answer explanation

The children's behavior in Bowlby's study was likely influenced by the traumatic experiences during the war and the poor quality of institutions, which created an unstable environment affecting their emotional development.

What does institutionalisation refer to?

• The benefits of living in a community

• The effects of living in an institution

• The process of joining a school

• The advantages of family life

Answer explanation

Institutionalisation refers to the effects of living in an institution, which can include changes in behavior, social skills, and emotional well-being due to the structured environment and lack of familial support.

What type of care did institutions in the past fail to provide?

• Physical care

• Emotional care

• Educational care

• Nutritional care

Answer explanation

Institutions in the past often neglected emotional care, focusing more on physical and nutritional needs. This lack of emotional support led to significant psychological issues for individuals in these settings.

How did children adopted before the age of 6 months differ in attachment?

• They rarely displayed disinhibited attachment.

• They often displayed disinhibited attachment.

• They showed no attachment issues.

• They were more aggressive.

Answer explanation

Children adopted before 6 months typically form secure attachments, leading to fewer instances of disinhibited attachment. This contrasts with those adopted later, who may struggle more with attachment issues.

What was the study by Rutter et al. (2011) primarily focused on?

• The influence of early care on later development.

• The impact of diet on intelligence.

• The role of education in child development.

• The effects of climate on health.

Answer explanation

The study by Rutter et al. (2011) primarily focused on how early care influences later development, highlighting the importance of early experiences in shaping a child's future outcomes.