ENVSCI Midterm Review 2 Pt 2

Which step of the nitrogen cycle involves converting atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into a form usable by plants?

• Ammonification

• Nitrogen Fixation

• Denitrification

• Nitrification

What is the role of nitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

• Decompose organic matter

• Convert ammonia into nitrites and nitrates

• Convert nitrogen gas into ammonia

• Release nitrogen gas back into the atmosphere

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Why is nitrogen essential for living organisms?

• It is a source of energy.

• It is needed to build proteins and DNA.

• It helps in cellular respiration.

• It is used in photosynthesis.

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Which process absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

• Cellular respiration

• Photosynthesis

• Decomposition

• Combustion

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What is a primary product of cellular respiration?

• Glucose

• Oxygen

• Carbon dioxide

• ATP

How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration contribute to the carbon cycle?

• Both store carbon in the soil.

• Photosynthesis removes carbon from the atmosphere, and respiration releases it.

• Both remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

• Photosynthesis releases carbon dioxide, and respiration removes it.

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What does 'carbon zero' mean?

• No carbon emissions are produced.

• Carbon emissions are balanced by removal or offsetting.

• Only natural carbon emissions occur.

• Carbon dioxide is removed entirely from the Earth.

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Which of the following can help achieve carbon zero?

• Increasing fossil fuel use

• Planting more trees

• Reducing renewable energy use

• Encouraging deforestation

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What is a common practice to offset carbon emissions?

• Building more factories

• Carbon sequestration

• Mining for coal

• Burning natural gas

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What is a Gulf Dead Zone?

• An area with low oxygen caused by excess nutrients.

• A region where no fish can survive due to overfishing.

• A coastal region with high biodiversity.

• An area contaminated by oil spills.

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