Final - Ethics Study Quiz Part 2

Moral theory that takes the mother/child relationship as a basis for ethics:

• Utilitarianism

• Ethics of care

• Deontology

• Virtue ethics

On feminist ethics, the status of emotions: Emotions are seen as:

• Crucial for moral understanding

• A hindrance to rationality

• Always subjective and unreliable

• Irrelevant to ethical reasoning

On what feminist ethics think our behavior should be based: Behavior should be based on:

• Relationships, empathy, and care

• Strict adherence to duties

• Maximizing utility

• Avoiding emotions

Challenge for feminist ethics: Feminist ethics struggles to:

• Value relationships

• Balance care with justice and equality

• Reject traditional theories

• Address cultural relativism

Objective moral standards: What are objective moral standards?

• Based on personal beliefs

• Culturally relative

• True regardless of individual or cultural beliefs

• Determined by emotional attitudes

On ethical subjectivism, by what the rightness or wrongness of an act is determined:

• Personal feelings or beliefs

• Universal principles

• Consequences of the act

• Cultural traditions

Cultural relativism: Cultural relativism holds that:

• Moral values are universal

• Moral values depend on cultural norms

• Ethical truths are objective

• Morality is meaningless

Implications of cultural relativism for moral values of our culture: According to cultural relativism, our culture's moral values:

• Are valid universally

• Are valid only within our cultural context

• Are invalid because morality is subjective

• Must align with global norms

What ethical relativism entails: Ethical relativism entails:

• Universal moral truths

• Culturally or personally relative moral truths

• Absolute adherence to religious doctrines

• Rejection of all moral reasoning

Ideal observer subjectivism: Ideal observer subjectivism posits that morality depends on:

• Actual cultural norms

• Judgments of a hypothetical ideal observer

• Emotional attitudes alone

• Strict utilitarian principles