Quiz 5: Earthquakes & Seafloors Review

Match these seafloor terms.

• trench

• An underwater mountain with a flat top

• guyot

• Any underwater mountain

• seamount

• Deep valley in an ocean that runs along a subduction zone

• atoll

• Ring-shaped island made from coral

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Lava erupting onto the seafloor at seafloor spreading sites tends to produce which type of lava rock?

• pillow basalt

• pahoehoe

• aa

• Lazyboy granite

What is an accreted terrane?

• A portion of an island formed when a large asteroid struck the surface and generated a volcano.

• A region of the seafloor solely covered in terrigenous sediment originating from farm runoff

• Part of a continent that originated as islands and attached as an oceanic plate converged with the continental plate.

• The jumble of material scraped off the top of a subducting plate and then deposited in an oceanic trench.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

Labels these parts of a passive continental margin.

a

b

c

Ocean basin

Continental shelf

Submarine canyon

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Match these seismic waves with their definitions.

• Primary waves

• Compressional seismic waves that move through the Earth underground

• Body waves

• Seismic waves that consist of Love waves and Raleigh waves

• Surface waves

• Transverse seismic waves that move through the Earth underground

• Secondary waves

• Seismic waves that move through the Earth underground

Examine each seismogram to determine the approximate distance of each location from the epicenter:

• Middle distance from the epicenter

• 
• Closest to the epicenter

• 
• Furthest from the epicenter

• 

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What do the circles represent in the map of seismic activity illustrated above?

• the distance between waves

• the distance to an earthquake epicenter

• the seismic wave speeds

• the wave travel times

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

How do we know the outer core is liquid?

• Magma, which is liquid, originates there.

• Every time there is an earthquake, we can observe that it makes the Earth jiggle.

• It is made of elements that only have the liquid phase.

• P-waves can travel through it, but S-waves cannot.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

What is the name for a large waves generated by an earthquake, landslide, asteroid impact, etc.?

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Besides being a classic Radiohead song, what is creep?

• The steady movement of magma

• A landslide that causes a submarine canyon

• Gradual slip along a fault

• Erosion of an extinct volcanic island