25-26 Topic 10 The Renaissance and Reformation (1300–1650)

everyday language of ordinary people

• vernacular
• Florence
• perspective
• Raphael

a city in the Tuscany region of northern Italy that was the center of the Italian Renaissance

• Florence
• perspective
• Raphael
• Flanders

artistic technique used to give paintings and drawings a three-dimensional effect

• perspective
• Raphael
• Flanders
• Albrecht Durer

a Renaissance painter who blended Christian and classical styles into his masterpieces.

• Raphael
• Flanders
• Albrecht Durer
• Shakespeare

a region that included parts of present-day northern France, Belgium, and the Netherlands; was an important industrial and financial center of northern Europe during the Middle Ages and Renaissance

• Flanders
• Albrecht Durer
• Shakespeare
• Johannes Gutenberg

A painter, draftsman, and writer, born in Nuremberg, Germany. He traveled to Italy, studied the Italian masters, and helped spread Renaissance ideas to northern Europe.

• Albrecht Durer
• Shakespeare
• Johannes Gutenberg
• indulgence

a famous English poet and playwright during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I who wrote plays that took a humanist approach to his characters. His plays are still performed around the world today.

• Shakespeare
• Johannes Gutenberg
• indulgence
• Charles V

a German goldsmith and printer who pioneered printing with movable type changed the world. He is credited with printing the first complete edition of the Christian Bible around 1455.

• Johannes Gutenberg
• indulgence
• Charles V
• Ignatius of Loyola

in the Roman Catholic Church, pardon for sins committed during a person's lifetime

• indulgence
• Charles V
• Ignatius of Loyola
• ghetto

the Holy Roman emperor during the time of Protestant Reformation.

• Charles V
• Ignatius of Loyola
• ghetto
• Nicolaus Copernicus