MSC QUIZ -2

The EM algorithm is primarily used for:

• Linear regression problems
  
  

• Clustering and latent variable models
  
  

• Sorting data
  

• Optimization of hyperparameters

The primary purpose of ANOVA is to:

• Compare means of three or more groups
  
  
  

• Estimate variances within a single group
  

• Predict future outcomes
  

• Classify data into clusters

What is the primary purpose of the Maximization step?

• Estimate the hidden variables
  
  
  

• Minimize the loss function

• Initialize the latent variables
  

• Update the parameters to maximize the likelihood

The F-statistic in ANOVA is calculated as:

• Ratio of between-group variance to within-group variance
  
  

• Ratio of within-group variance to total variance
  
  

• Ratio of total variance to residual variance
  

• Ratio of between-group variance to total variance

ANOVA can be applied to:

• Binary independent variables and continuous dependent variables

• Continuous independent variables and categorical dependent variables
  

• Categorical independent variables and continuous dependent variables

• Only numerical data

If the F-statistic is very small, it means:

• The group means are very similar
  
  
  

• The variance within groups is minimal
  

• There is a significant difference between groups
  

• The assumptions of ANOVA are violated

A two-way ANOVA is used when:

• Variance is unequal between groups

• There are two dependent variables

• The sample size is exactly two

• There are two independent variables

The likelihood function is:

• Always Gaussian
  

• A function of the parameters given the data

• A function of the data given the parameters

• Used only in supervised learning

The E-step computes the:

• Expected log-likelihood

• Actual log-likelihood
  

• Prior probabilities

• Maximum likelihood estimates

The EM algorithm is iterative because:

• It uses a random number generator

• Each step depends on the results of the previous step

• It minimizes overfitting

• It handles overcomplete data