States of Matter and Heat Transfer

Temperature is not a direct measure of the thermal energy of a system. The total thermal energy of a system depends on its temperature and what other factors?

• The temperature of the system's environmental and its location in that environment.

• The number of atoms in the system and conductivity of the material.

• The boiling points and freezing points of the elements that make up the substances in the system.

• The number of atoms in the system and their molecular weights.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

What happens to water molecules when a large quantity of thermal energy is added to water in the liquid state?

• Each molecule gives up kinetic energy and eventually stops moving.

• The more thermal energy added, the greater the attraction between molecules.

• The water molecules become more packed close together, and their temperature increase.

• The molecules gain kinetic energy, more farther apart, and become a gas.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

In science, the term "heat" can be used to describe...

• The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another.

• The average kinetic energy of the system as a whole.

• The motion of atoms or molecules within a substance.

• The average temperature of a system over time.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Thermal energy is removed from a sample of helium. All of the following charges will result from this EXCEPT:

• The molecules will be packed together

• Total energy in the system will increase

• The temperature of the system will decrease

• The molecules of the system will lose kinetic energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

How is the term "heat" used differently in science as opposed to everyday language?

• Heat means hot.

• Heat means movement.

• "Heat" in every day language means the thermal energy and the transfer of the thermal energy from one thing to another. In science, "heat" refers to the energy transferred because of the temperature difference between two things.

• Did I mention that heat is HOT?

What does the total thermal energy of a system depend on?

• The temperature.

• The state of the matter.

• The total number of the atoms in the system.

• It depends on the temperature, the total number of atoms in the system, and the state of the material.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A container of hot water was left out on a table. Some of its thermal energy was transferred to the environment. The results (in Celsius) are shown. What was the change in temperature resulting from this heat transfer in degrees Celsius?

• -5 degrees C

• -6 degrees C

• 5 degrees C

• 6 degrees C

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Red food coloring was placed in hot water. Blue food coloring was placed in cold water. Both beakers had the same amount of water and the same amount of food coloring was added. However, the red food coloring dispersed in the water faster than the blue food coloring.

Claim: The molecules in the ____________ water moved at a _____________ rate causing the food coloring to move through the water quickly.

• cold, faster

• hot, slower

• cold, slower

• hot, faster

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Red food coloring was placed in hot water. Blue food coloring was placed in cold water. Both beakers had the same amount of water and the same amount of food coloring was added. However, the red food coloring dispersed in the water faster than the blue food coloring.

Evidence: The _______ food coloring spreads out faster than the _________ food coloring. In the last picture, the red food coloring was __________ in the hot water but the blue food coloring _________ completely mix in the cold water.

• blue, red, did not mix, mixed

• red, blue, mixed in, did not

• red, blue, hot, cold

• blue, red, cold, hot

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Red food coloring was placed in hot water. Blue food coloring was placed in cold water. Both beakers had the same amount of water and the same amount of food coloring was added. However, the red food coloring dispersed in the water faster than the blue food coloring.

Reasoning: When water is hot, the molecules ___________ up and _____________ apart. When water is colder, molecules move at a ______________rate. The _______ dye spreads out faster in the hot water

• speed, spread, faster, red

• speed, spread, slower, blue

• speed, spread, faster, blue

• speed, spread, slower, red

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4