Category 1 Biology EOC

1. An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?

• Carbohydrates & Lipids

• Proteins & Carbohydrates

• Nucleic Acids & Carbohydrates

• Lipids & Nucleic Acids

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Students were given a list of seven elements and asked to identify the four elements that are most abundant in biomolecules. Which table correctly identifies the four most-abundant elements in biomolecules?

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1.) Four different nucleotides are used as building blocks of DNA. Which of the following can be used to distinguish one nucleotide from another?

• The nitrogenous base

• The shape of the deoxyribose sugar

• The length of the phosphate group

• The type of fatty acid

1.) Which of the following biomolecules typically contains both nitrogen and phosphate?

• Lipid

• Protein

• Nucleic Acid

• Carbohydrate

1.) The complex carbohydrates pictured here is made by linking molecules of glucose.

In all three complex carbohydrates, the subunits of glucose are bonded together differently. Because they have different structures, they most likely -

• contain different chemical elements

• form different proteins

• carry different nucleotides

• perform different functions

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

The diagram illustrates the activity of vesicles during a cellular process. Vesicle Activities in a Cell Golgi apparatus Vesicles Cytosol Plasma membrane.

Which statement best explains the function of the vesicles?

• Delivering packaged materials to the Golgi apparatus for protein synthesis

• Exchanging genetic information between the Golgi apparatuses of separate cells

• Extracting portions of the Golgi apparatus to be regenerated for growth within

  the cell

• Transporting packaged molecules from the Golgi apparatus to be released out of

  the cell

This diagram shows cellular activity across a cell membrane.

Which two processes does this diagram most directly model?

• Energy conversions and synthesis of new molecules

• Synthesis of new molecules and homeostasis

• Transport of molecules and energy conversions

• Homeostasis and transport of molecules

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Some students used vinegar to dissolve away the shells of three eggs and used these eggs as models of human red blood cells. The students observed the changes in the eggs when they were placed in different solutions.

Which statement best describes the role of the cell membrane in this model?

• The cell membrane is an impermeable barrier that prevents water from entering the

  cell.

• The cell membrane allows solutes to enter the cell, which causes the cell to shrink.

• The cell membrane allows water to enter and leave the cell.

• The cell membrane removes solutes from the environment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

The picture shows a contractile vacuole of a unicellular freshwater organism. The contractile vacuole regulates the flow of water into and out of the cell in an aquatic environment.

What conditions cause the contractile vacuole to fill with water?

• The concentration of water is greater outside the cell than inside the cell.

• The temperature of water in the vacuole is higher than the temperature of its environment.

• The concentration of water inside the cell is the same as the concentration outside the cell.

• The temperature of water in the vacuole is lower than the temperature of its environment.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which group of organelles is directly responsible for the production of new molecules within a cell?

• Ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatuses

• Golgi apparatuses, lysosomes, and the plasma membrane

• The endoplasmic reticulum, plastids, and vacuoles

• The nucleolus, vacuoles, and ribosomes