Quiz about Regents ES - Climate

Question 1

Which current has a cooling effect on the climate of the west coast of South America?

Accepted Answer

Peru Current

Answer

Falkland Current

Answer

Benguela Current

Answer

Brazil Current

Question 2

Which diagram best illustrates how air rising over a mountain produces precipitation?

Accepted Answer

Option B is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

C.

Answer

D.

Question 3

The map shows an imaginary continent on Earth. Arrows represent prevailing wind directions. Letters A through D represent locations on the continent. Locations A and B are at the same latitude and at the same elevation at the base of the mountains.

Over the course of a year, compared to location B, location A will have

Over the course of a year, compared to location B, location A will have

Accepted Answer

more precipitation and a smaller temperature range

Answer

less precipitation and a smaller temperature range

Answer

less precipitation and a greater temperature range

Answer

more precipitation and a greater temperature range

Question 4

The map shows an imaginary continent on Earth. Arrows represent prevailing wind directions. Letters A through D represent locations on the continent. Locations A and B are at the same latitude and at the same elevation at the base of the mountains.

Over the course of a year, compared to location B, location A will have

The climate at location C is much drier than at location D. This difference is best explained by the fact that location C is located

Accepted Answer

at a latitude where air is sinking and surface winds diverge

Answer

farther from any mountain range

Answer

closer to a large body of water

Answer

at a latitude that experiences longer average annual daylight

Question 5

In which cross section do the arrows represent the most probable direction of air movement over land and water surfaces at an ocean coast on a hot, sunny, summer afternoon?

Accepted Answer

Option D is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

C.

Question 6

Which natural event periodically weakens western surface ocean currents in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, resulting in a change in air temperature and precipitation patterns in the United States?

Accepted Answer

El Nino

Answer

transpiration

Answer

ocean tides

Answer

volcanic eruptions

Question 7

Ocean gyres in the Northern Hemisphere consist of a number of surface ocean currents that, together, generally flow clockwise in a roughly circular pattern. Which list contains three warm surface ocean currents that make up most of the North Atlantic Ocean gyre?

Accepted Answer

North Equatorial Current, Gulf Stream Current, and North Atlantic Current

Answer

Kuroshio Current, North Pacific Current, and California Current

Answer

Canary Current, North Equatorial Current,

and Equatorial Countercurrent

Answer

Labrador Current, North Atlantic Current, and East Greenland Current

Question 8

The table shows the latitude and the average yearly temperature for four different cities.

It can be inferred from this table that the cities at higher latitudes have

Accepted Answer

lower average yearly temperatures because these cities receive insolation at a lower angle during the year

Answer

lower average yearly temperatures because these cities receive insolation at a higher angle during the year

Answer

higher average yearly temperatures because these cities receive insolation at a higher angle during the year

Answer

higher average yearly temperatures because these cities receive insolation at a lower angle during the year

Question 9

Mt. Marcy often has the coldest nighttime temperatures in New York State because of its

Accepted Answer

latitude and elevation

Answer

latitude and planetary winds

Answer

longitude and planetary winds

Answer

longitude and elevation

Question 10

Which graph best represents the average monthly temperatures for one year at a location in the Southern Hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

Option C is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

D.

Question 11

Which graph best shows the average annual amounts of precipitation received at different latitudes on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Option C is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

D.

Question 12

Two cities are located at the same latitude and elevation. One city, located in the center of the United States, has cooler winters and warmer summers than the other city, which is located near the coast. Which statement best explains these seasonal differences?

Accepted Answer

A large body of water modifies coastal air temperatures.

Answer

The air over continents is drier than the air over oceans.

Answer

Cold airmasses usually originate over continents.

Answer

Warm ocean currents flow along most coastlines.

Question 13

The cross section shows how prevailing winds have caused different climates on the windwards and leeward sides of a mountain range.

Why does the windward side of this mountain have a wet climate?

Accepted Answer

Rising air expands and cools, causing the water vapor to condense.

Answer

Rising air compresses and cools, causing the water droplets to evaporate

Answer

Rising air compresses and warms, causing the water vapor to condense.

Answer

Rising air expands and warms, causing the water droplets to evaporate.

Question 14

During which season does city B usually experience the month with the highest average precipitation?

Accepted Answer

summer

Answer

spring

Answer

fall

Answer

winter

Question 15

City A has very little variation in temperature during the year because city A is located

Accepted Answer

near the equator

Answer

on the dry side of a mountain

Answer

near the center of a large landmass

Answer

on the wet side of a mountain

Question 16

It can be concluded that city C is located in the Southern Hemisphere because city C has

Accepted Answer

its warmest temperatures in January and February

Answer

small amounts of precipitation throughout the year

Answer

large amounts of precipitation throughout the year

Answer

its warmest temperatures in July and August

Question 17

Compared to land surface temperature changes, water surface temperature changes occur

Accepted Answer

more slowly because water has a higher specific heat

Answer

more slowly because water has a lower specific heat

Answer

faster because water has a lower specific heat

Answer

faster because water has a higher specific heat

Question 18

Why are temperature variations usually not as great on Long Island as they are in central New York State?

Accepted Answer

Long Island is surrounded by a large body of water.

Answer

Central New York State has a higher elevation.

Answer

Central New York State is more heavily wooded.

Answer

Long Island has a more southerly latitude.

Question 19

The planetary winds on Earth are indicated by the curving arrows in the diagram.
The curved paths of the planetary winds are a result of

Accepted Answer

Earth's rotation on its axis

Answer

changes in humidity.

Answer

changes in temperature.

Answer

Earth's gravitational force

Question 20

Which location probably has the greatest annual rainfall?

Accepted Answer

D

Answer

A

Answer

F

Answer

C

Question 21

Which location probably has the greatest range in temperature during the year?

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

H

Answer

D

Question 22

Which city has the greatest temperature range?

Accepted Answer

D

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Question 23

Which event is inferred by most scientists to be responsible for a climate change that has recently led to a decrease in the size of most glaciers?

Accepted Answer

an increase in the amount of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere

Answer

a decrease in the rate of divergence of lithospheric plates along a mid-ocean ridge

Answer

a decrease in the amount of insolation reaching Earth's surface

Answer

an increase in the amount of vegetative cover in the tropics

Question 24

Adjacent water and landmasses are heated by the morning Sun on a clear, calm day. After a few hours, a surface wind develops. Which map best represents this wind's direction?

Accepted Answer

Option A is correct

Answer

B.

Answer

C.

Answer

D.

Question 25

Arrows on the maps below show differences in the direction of winds in the region of India and the Indian Ocean during January and July. Isobar values are recorded in millibars. Heavy monsoon rains usually occur in India during