The Lost City

1 The meaning of sentence 4 is unclear. Byron can improve the clarity of this sentence by changing it to — 

• A the famous Trojans 
• B the magnificent city
• C the extreme wealth 
• D the historical record 

2 Byron would like to add a sentence to the end of the first paragraph (sentences 1–5) to help transition into the ideas in the second paragraph (sentences 6–9). Which sentence can be added after sentence 5 to help accomplish this goal? 

• F It was difficult to say whether the ancient city was real or had just been a figment of someone’s imagination. 
• G But one day, as so often happens, everything changed, and it changed rapidly and excitingly and permanently. 
• H Because no one could definitively prove that it had ever existed, people had trouble believing that it actually had. 
• J Aside from the historical references mentioned above, Thonis-Heracleion was essentially forgotten—that is, until recently. 

3 Byron has offered a weak thesis for his paper. Which of the following could replace sentence 9 and provide a more effective thesis statement for this paper? 

• A Before long they realized that they had found the city of Thonis-Heracleion. 
• B In time they realized that they had actually found what was a very ancient city. 
• C At first no one knew exactly what had been discovered, but there was plenty of curiosity. 
• D In the end it just happened to be the place and the city of Thonis-Heracleion. 

4 Which of these sentences could best follow sentence 13 and provide additional support for the main idea of the third paragraph (sentences 10–14)? 

• F In his research Goddio has collaborated with archaeologists, Egyptologists, historians, geologists, geophysicists, computer engineers, and others. 
• G The remains of more than 60 ships, at least 700 ancient anchors, gold coins, and bronze, lead, and stone weights indicate that the city was a major trading port in the eastern Mediterranean. 
• H The city was probably an important entry port for trade into Egypt before it sank into the Mediterranean Sea so many centuries ago. 
• J Some accounts suggest that both Helen of Troy and her lover, Paris, were stranded on the island for a period of time as they hid from her Greek husband. 

5 Byron would like to close with a relevant quotation that reiterates the main idea of this paper. Which of these could follow sentence 28 and best accomplish this goal? 

• A Goddio writes, “I knew that I would never be able to undertake an exploration of this scope by myself, and so, in 1987, I founded the European Institute of Underwater Archaeology (IEASM), an independent organization supported by private patronage.” 
• B According to Damian Robinson, director of the Oxford Centre for Maritime Archaeology at the University of Oxford, “It is a major city we are excavating.” 
• C “We are just at the beginning of our research,” Goddio remarked. “We will probably have to continue working for the next 200 years for Thonis-Heracleion to be fully revealed and understood.” 
• D “The statuettes allow us to examine their belief system and at the same time have wider economic implications,” Oxford researcher Sanda Heinz commented. “These figures were mass-produced at a scale hitherto unmatched in previous periods.” 

6 There is a redundant sentence in the last paragraph (sentences 23–28). Which sentence should be deleted from this paragraph? 

• F Sentence 24 
• G Sentence 25
• H Sentence 26 
• J Sentence 27