Cycling of Matter and Energy in Ecosystems

What is the Carbon Cycle primarily involved in?

• The transformation of nitrogen

• The cycling of carbon through different Earth spheres

• The movement of oxygen between living organisms

• The production of minerals in the soil

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What happens during the process of denitrification in the nitrogen cycle?

• Ammonium is converted into nitrites.

• Nitrogen compounds are reduced to gaseous nitrogen.

• Atmospheric nitrogen is fixed into the soil.

• Nitrogen is incorporated into organic matter.

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How is phosphorus transferred from plants to animals in the phosphorus cycle?

• Through water absorption

• By animals eating the plants

• Through photosynthesis

• By air transfer

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What happens to phosphorus when animals and plants die?

• It evaporates into the atmosphere.

• It is used immediately by other living organisms.

• Decomposers release it back into the soil, continuing the cycle.

• It becomes inert and non-reactive.

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How are water and nutrients typically obtained in the environment?

• They are imported from other ecosystems.

• They are produced or obtained from chemicals already present in the environment.

• They spontaneously generate under certain conditions.

• They are created through artificial means.

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What is the role of biogeochemical cycles in the environment?

• To increase the chemical compounds in the environment.

• To facilitate the movement of matter through the biotic and abiotic environment.

• To reduce the amount of nutrients in ecosystems.

• To create new forms of matter.

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Which process in the water cycle is responsible for water vapor moving back to Earth?

• Condensation

• Evaporation

• Precipitation

• Transpiration

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What is the primary reason that removing plants increases CO2 levels in the air?

• Plants release more CO2 when they are removed.

• Removing plants reduces the amount of CO2 absorbed for photosynthesis.

• Plants decompose faster when removed, releasing CO2.

• Removing plants increases the earth's temperature, releasing more CO2.

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What is the result of trees not taking up CO2 for photosynthesis?

• Increased oxygen production

• Decreased sugar production

• Increased CO2 levels in the air

• Decreased water vapor in the air

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What role do denitrifying bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle?

• They convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for plants.

• They release nitrogen gas back into the atmosphere by breaking down dead matter and waste.

• They fix nitrogen from the atmosphere into the soil.

• They consume nitrogen from the soil and use it for plant growth.

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