Matter and Energy in Ecosystems

Which of these are examples of energy storage molecules?

• fats, starches, and sugars

• minerals and lignins

• collagen and elastin

• water

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Why is it necessary for organisms to store energy? Select all that apply

• so that they can grow and/or reproduce

• so that they can compete for resources

• so that they can repair damage to cells and tissues

• to save energy for later when it may not be available

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Matter that make up the nonliving parts of an ecosystem, such as air and water

• abiotic

• biotic

• composer

• energy storage molecules

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An organism that gets energy storage molecules by breaking down dead matter

• primary consumer

• secondary consumer

• producer

• decomposer

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This diagram shows how energy flows through an eco-system. What is the first source of energy in this pyramid?

• sharks and large birds

• algae, plankton and seagrass

• herbivorous fish, crustaceans and sea urchins

• seals and carnivorous fish

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Giant pandas eat bamboo plants in the mountains of China. The number of energy storage molecules has decreased in both the bamboo and the pandas. What has happened to the amount of carbon in the bamboo and the pandas? The amount of carbon in the bamboo and pandas . . .

• has not changed.

• is not related to the number of energy storage molecules.

• has increased.

• has decreased.

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The amount of matter in an ecosystem is always ​ (a)   . It just changes forms and is recycled.

• constant

• decreasing

• increasing

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Energy flow in ecosystems is best described as:

• A cyclical loop where energy is recycled.

• A linear flow from the sun to producers and then to various levels of consumers.

• A web where energy flows equally in all directions.

• A closed system where energy is not lost.

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Matter that makes up the living and dead organisms in an ecosystem.

• abiotic

• mitosis

• biotic

• photosynthesis

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The part of the cell where photosynthesis happens

• mitochondria

• nucleus

• ribosome

• chloroplast

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