Rocks are classified as igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary according to

• their color

• their shape

• how they formed

• the minerals they contain

All rocks are composed of

• Fossils

• Cells

• Metals

• Minerals

Limestone is a sedimentary rock and marble is a metamorphic rock. Even though limestone and marble have the same chemical makeup, they are classified as different rocks because they

• were formed from different fossils

• took different amounts of time to form

• formed at different times

• formed by different methods

The rock cycle is a model that shows how all rocks are

• transformed into other rock types

• unchanging and remain the same

• formed from magma

• made from buried sediments

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Two processes that change metamorphic rock to igneous rock are

• uplift and erosion

• heat and pressure

• melting and solidification

• burial and cementation

According to the diagram, what will form when sedimentary rock is exposed to heat and/or pressure?

• Magma

• Igneous rock

• Sediments

• Metamorphic rock

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

According to this diagram, metamorphic rock is formed by

• melting and solidification

• burial and compaction

• weathering and erosion

• heat and/or pressure

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which two sources of energy are responsible for the cycling of Earth materials and the flow of energy, as shown in the rock cycle model?

• the Sun and Earth’s hot interior

• Earth’s hot interior and the Moon’s hot interior

• evaporation and condensation of water on Earth’s surface

• the Sun’s energy and Earth’s magnetic fields

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which list identifies the names of the missing processes, numbered 1 through 3, of the rock cycle?

• 1 = erosion; 2 = deformation; 3 = melting

• 1 = deformation; 2 = melting; 3 = erosion

• 1 = melting; 2 = deformation; 3 = erosion

• 1 = deformation; 2 = erosion; 3 = melting

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

During a laboratory investigation, students were asked to classify rocks based on the physical characteristics.

I. Contains some fossils of plants 

II. Shows large crystals form during cooling

III. Shows layers of rocks deposited over years

IV. Contain large holes form from trapped gas during cooling

V. Contains dissolved minerals/sediments 

VI. Shows layer of minerals from high heat and pressure 

Which characteristics describe Sedimentary Rock?

• I, III, V

• IV, V, VI

• I, II, III

• I, IV, VI

Answer explanation

Sedimentary Rocks

are made from deposits of preexisting rocks or remains of once-living organisms due to the compression of ocean sediments and other processes.

These rocks often have distinctive layering or bedding and create many of the picturesque views of the desert southwest.