AP Psychology Cognition

Which term refers to all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating?

• schema

• heuristic

• cognition

• syntax

• language

As his AP psychology teacher was lecturing, Tyler was thinking about competing in a swim meet later that afternoon. Where are Tyler's current thoughts being processed?

• sensory memory

• the cerebellum

• working memory

• echoic memory

• long-term memory

Your friend told you that eating chocolate was shown to improve memory recall. You may later recall this “fact” but forget where you heard it. You assume that you heard it on the news, a credible source, so you begin eating chocolate. Your behavior best illustrates

• implicit memory.

• mood-congruent memory.

• source amnesia.

• retroactive interference.

• motivated forgetting.

Vishant overestimates the proportion of family chores for which he takes sole responsibility because it's easier for him to recall what he has done than to recall what other family members have done. This best illustrates the impact of

• overconfidence.

• fixation.

• the representativeness heuristic.

• confirmation bias.

• the availability heuristic.

Which of the following kinds of psychologists would most likely explore how we process and remember information?

• Behavioral

• Developmental

• Social

• Cognitive

The "fundamental attribution error" phenomenon can best be seen in which of the following examples

• John blames his failure to get a job on his lack of appropriate skills and ill preparedness

• Phyllis doesn't get the lead in the school play and blames her drama teacher for this failure.

• Jane blames herself for forgetting that she has a term paper due in two days

• Bill doesn't hire John bc he believes that John's lateness is a result of John's laziness & lack of respect for the job. In reality, John was late bc he got a flat tire on the way to the interview

• Karen understands that her friend is late because she was caught in rush hour traffic.

Processes that involve changes in an individual's thought, intelligence, and language

• Constructs

• Cognitive Processes

• Pseudoscience

• Science

When someone mentions Ivy League colleges, Trisha immediately thinks of Harvard University. In this instance, Harvard University is a

• prototype.

• mental set.

• algorithm.

• fixation.

Which cognitive process involves the manipulation of information to reach conclusions?

• A) Perception

• B) Reasoning

• C) Memory

• D) Attention

What is the term for the mental grouping of similar objects, events, or people?

• A) Concept

• B) Prototype

• C) Schema

• D) Heuristic