Evaluate 8.13B Genes and Inheritance Traits

A specific characteristic of an organism is called a ​ (a)   . DNA is the genetic material within cells. DNA is organized into structures called ​ (b)   . A segment of DNA that occupies a specific place on a chromosome is called a ​ (c)   . ​ (d)   do much of the work in a cell and make up much of the cell's structure.

• trait
• chromosomes
• gene
• Proteins

Answer explanation

Inherited traits are passed to offspring by genetic material.​ In humans, one chromosome from each pair comes from each parent.​ The DNA that makes up a gene provides instructions for an inherited trait.​ Many genes provide instructions for building proteins.​

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What is heredity?

• The process of inheriting traits from parents

• The study of snakes

• The process of cell division

• The study of habitats

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What can affect the expression of inherited traits?

• Environmental factors

• The classroom environment

• The presence of a classroom pet

• The type of food consumed

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What does DNA stand for?

• Durable Nucleic Acid

• Dynamic Nucleotide Array

• Deoxyribonucleic Acid

• Deoxyribosome Nucleic Array

What is the significance of base pairing in DNA?

• It affects the DNA's color.

• It is crucial for the coding of traits.

• It determines the DNA's ability to replicate.

• It changes the DNA's shape.

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What is a gene?

• A segment of DNA that codes for a protein

• A structure found within the nucleus

• A model organism used in experiments

• A type of protein

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What is the role of proteins coded by genes?

• To provide energy to cells

• To make up the cell membrane

• To play a variety of roles including acting as enzymes

• To serve as genetic material

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How many chromosomes do humans have in most body cells?

• 23 chromosomes

• 92 chromosomes

• 44 chromosomes

• 46 chromosomes

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Which of the following traits, present in the baby howler monkey, were determined by the genes inherited from a parent howler monkey? Select 3

• tails that are able to grasp branches

• hands that are able to grasp branches

• injuries that resulted from accidents

• forward-facing eyes that allow for good vision

Answer explanation

Grasping tails and hands, as well as forward-facing eyes, are physical traits inherited from the parents. Injuries are the result of the environment.

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Monkeys have grasping hands. What is the best explanation for how this trait relates to the way the monkeys live?

• The structure of a monkey hand is unnecessary for monkeys to climb branches.

• The structure of a monkey hand makes it harder for monkeys to climb branches.

• The structure of a monkey hand helps monkeys climb branches.

• The structure of a monkey hand is only useful for climbing branches.

Answer explanation

Grasping hands allow monkeys to climb branches.

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