Which of the following is the predominant form of fats found in the human diet?

• Phospholipids

• Glycerols

• Triglycerides

• Free fatty acids

Which of the following is not true of sterols?

• They contain fatty acids.

• They are hydrophobic and lipophilic.

• They are found in both plants and animals.

• Cholesterol is an example of a sterol.

When consumed in adequate amounts, plant stanols and sterols have been shown to:

• lower HDL levels in the blood.

• raise HDL levels in the blood.

• lower LDL levels in the blood.

• raise LDL levels in the blood.

Soy, rice, and dairy-alternative products are excellent substitutes for low-fat or full-fat dairy products because dairy-alternative products:

• are essentially fat free.

• contain more potassium than dairy products.

• contain mainly unsaturated fats.

• are high in cholesterol.

Which of the following is a difference between long-chain triglycerides (LCTs) and medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs)?

• MCTs consist of a glycerol backbone and only two fatty acids.

• MCTs are dietary fats widely found in foods.

• MCTs can be absorbed across the mucosal membrane more quickly.

• MCTs are oxidized slowly.

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a fat substitute and its macronutrient(s) derivative?

• Oatrim—carbohydrate and protein

• Simplesse—carbohydrate

• Olean—carbohydrate and fat

• Benefat—protein

Which molecule makes up the backbone of all triglycerides?

• Eicosanoid

• Glycerol

• Phospholipid

• Fatty acid

Which of the following is a good example of a fat?

• A piece of chicken

• A banana

• A pat of margarine

• Some green beans

Which of the following lists the correct sequence of metabolic pathways to aerobically break down fats for energy?

• Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain

• Beta oxidation, glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain

• Beta oxidation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain

• Deamination, citric acid cycle, beta oxidation, electron transport chain

Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) may enhance endurance performance because they:

• do not cause gastrointestinal distress

• are oxidized at a lower rate than long-chain triglycerides (LCTs)

• can be absorbed rapidly

• increase the utilization of protein for energy