Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Quiz

Who is known as the "Father of Chemistry" for his investigations into gases?

• Isaac Newton

• Galileo Galilei

• Robert Boyle

• John Locke

Which scientist supported the heliocentric model and made discoveries in physics?

• Isaac Newton

• Galileo Galilei

• Robert Boyle

• Voltaire

What did Isaac Newton discover about gravity?

• It only affects objects on Earth

• It governs how things fall on Earth and how planets move in space

• It is a force that only affects the moon

• It is a concept that was rejected during the Scientific Revolution

Which Enlightenment thinker challenged the divine right theory and believed governments get their power from the people they govern?

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Who wrote "The Spirit of Laws" and called for the separation of powers in government?

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Which Enlightenment thinker was a strong supporter of freedom of speech and religious toleration?

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

What is the main idea of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's book, "The Social Contract"?

• Governments should be based on hereditary privileges

• Government should express the "general will" of the people

• The divine right of kings is justified

• Economic competition is harmful to society

Which book by Adam Smith described capitalism and argued for a laissez-faire approach to the economy?

• The Spirit of Laws

• The Social Contract

• The Wealth of Nations

• The Declaration of Independence

What was the purpose of government according to Thomas Jefferson in the American Declaration of Independence?

• To control the economy

• To protect natural rights such as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

• To enforce religious conformity

• To maintain hereditary privileges

Who were the Enlightened Despots?

• Absolute monarchs who rejected Enlightenment ideas

• Absolute monarchs who tried to use Enlightenment ideas to reform their societies

• Philosophers who opposed all forms of government

• Scientists who supported the Catholic Church