5 APHuG: Agriculture

Economy of scale

• Increase in the efficiency of production as the number of goods being produced increases; lowers costs.

• A decrease in production costs due to a reduction in the number of goods produced.

• An increase in the price of goods as production increases.

• A method to improve product quality without changing production volume.

Von Thunen's model

• Theory that states the spatial organization of agriculture is influenced by the distance of the farm from the market and the cost of transportation; also known as concentric ring model.

• A model that explains the distribution of cities based on population density.

• A theory that suggests agricultural practices are determined solely by climate conditions.

• A framework that categorizes agricultural products based on their market value.

Domestication

• The process of adapting wild plants and animals for human use.

• The act of breeding animals for sport.

• The method of growing plants in the wild without human intervention.

• The practice of hunting wild animals for food.

Food security

• Access to food that is only available during certain seasons.

• Physical, social, and economic access at all times to safe and nutritious food sufficient to meet the dietary needs and food preferences of an active and healthy life.

• The ability to grow food in one's own backyard.

• Access to food that is affordable but not necessarily nutritious.

Wet rice

• Rice planted on dry land in a nursery and then moved to a deliberately flooded field to promote growth.

• Rice that is harvested while still wet to maintain moisture.

• Rice grown in a greenhouse environment to control temperature and humidity.

• Rice that is soaked in water before planting to enhance germination.

Food desert

• An area with limited access to healthy and affordable food.

• A region with abundant fresh produce and grocery stores.

• A place where fast food is the only option available.

• An urban area with high levels of food waste.

Organic farming

• An approach to farming that uses synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.

• A method of farming that focuses on monoculture and high yields.

• Approach to farming and ranching that avoids the use of herbicides, pesticides, growth hormones, and other similar synthetic inputs.

• A technique that promotes the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in agriculture.

Intensive Farming

• Type of agriculture that uses high levels of inputs such as labor, fertilizer or irrigation to maximize crop yields.

• A method of farming that relies solely on organic practices without any chemical inputs.

• A farming technique that focuses on extensive land use with minimal inputs.

• A type of agriculture that is practiced in remote areas with low population density.

Horticulture

• Growing fruits, vegetables, flowers and tree crops.

• The study of animal behavior and habitats.

• Cultivating only flowers for decorative purposes.

• A method of farming that focuses on livestock.

Cash crop

• An agricultural crop which is grown for sale to return a profit.

• A crop that is grown primarily for personal consumption.

• A crop that is used to feed livestock.

• A crop that is grown in a greenhouse.