ERPs test

What is the purpose of baseline correction in ERP analysis?

• To filter out high-frequency noise

• To remove slow drifts and align signals to a reference period

• To average ERP responses across trials

• To enhance signal amplitude

What does the term "epoch rejection" refer to in ERP analysis?

• The process of removing trials with excessive noise or artifacts

• The rejection of ERP components based on statistical significance

• The elimination of specific time windows within an epoch

• The process of averaging ERP waveforms

An ERP study has 10 participants, 3 conditions, and 30 epochs in each condition. What will the researchers get after ERPs creation?

• 10 ERP objects, one per participant

• 3 ERP objects, one per condition

• 90 ERP objects, one per epoch in each condition

• 30 ERP objects, one per condition for each participant

An ERP study has 10 participants, 3 conditions, and 30 epochs per condition. What will the researchers get after grand-averaging the ERPs?

• 1 grand-averaged ERP
• 30 grand-averaged ERPs

• 3 grand-averaged ERPs
• 10 grand-averaged ERPs

What is the typical unit of ERP amplitude?

• Volts

• Microvolts

• Millivolts

• Nanovolts

What is the primary reason for averaging ERP trials?

• To increase noise in the data

• To enhance random EEG activity

• To increase the signal-to-noise ratio

• To remove artifacts

What does a topographic map (topoplot) of ERPs show?

• The strength of EEG activity over different frequencies

• The distribution of ERP amplitudes across the scalp

• The connectivity between brain regions

• The signal-to-noise ratio of the ERP data

What is the purpose of applying a Savitzky-Golay (Savgol) filter in EEG/ERP analysis?

• To smooth the signal while preserving sharp transitions

• To remove frequency-specific noise using a band-pass filter

• To enhance low-frequency components

• To segment EEG data into epoch

What does the term “mass univariate analysis” refer to in ERP research?

• A single test performed over a specific region of interest (ROI)

• A set of independent tests applied to every channel and time point

• A statistical approach that combines all electrodes into one measure

• A method used to average ERP waveforms across participants

What is the main principle behind permutation testing in ERP data analysis?

• It assumes that the data follows a normal distribution

• It relies on randomly reassigning condition labels to test statistical significance

• It eliminates the need for multiple comparison correction

• It only works when there is a large sample size