Understanding Proteins and Their Functions

What are the primary functions of proteins in the body?

• Acting as a primary source of carbohydrates

• The primary functions of proteins in the body include catalyzing reactions, providing structure, transporting molecules, regulating processes, and supporting immune function.

• Storing genetic information

• Producing energy through photosynthesis

How do enzymes, which are proteins, facilitate biochemical reactions?

• Enzymes are consumed in the reaction and cannot be reused.

• Enzymes only work at high temperatures and extreme pH levels.

• Enzymes facilitate biochemical reactions by lowering activation energy and forming enzyme-substrate complexes.

• Enzymes increase activation energy and prevent substrate binding.

What role do proteins play in the immune system?

• Proteins are essential for antibody production, signaling immune responses, and supporting immune cell functions.

• Proteins have no significant role in the immune system.

• Proteins are only involved in muscle development and repair.

• Proteins are primarily responsible for energy production in cells.

Name three animal-based sources of protein.

• Quinoa

• Lentils

• Tofu

• Chicken, beef, eggs

List three plant-based sources of protein.

• chicken

• lentils, chickpeas, quinoa

• tofu

• fish

What are essential amino acids and why are they important?

• Essential amino acids can be produced by the body.

• Essential amino acids are not found in plant-based foods.

• They are only important for muscle building.

• Essential amino acids are amino acids that must be obtained from food because the body cannot produce them. They are important for growth, repair, and overall health.

How many amino acids are considered essential for human health?

• 5

• 9

• 11

• 7

What is the difference between complete and incomplete proteins?

• Complete proteins are only found in animal sources.

• Incomplete proteins contain all essential amino acids.

• Complete proteins are less nutritious than incomplete proteins.

• Complete proteins have all essential amino acids; incomplete proteins lack one or more essential amino acids.

How do proteins contribute to muscle growth and repair?

• Proteins are not necessary for muscle repair and can be replaced by carbohydrates.

• Proteins only help in fat loss and do not affect muscle growth.

• Proteins are primarily used for energy production during exercise.

• Proteins contribute to muscle growth and repair by providing amino acids necessary for repairing muscle fibers and promoting muscle synthesis.

What is the significance of protein structure in its function?

• All proteins have the same structure regardless of their function.

• The significance of protein structure in its function lies in the fact that the specific shape and arrangement of amino acids enable proteins to perform their biological roles effectively.

• The function of a protein is determined solely by its amino acid sequence.

• Protein structure has no impact on its function.