SLO Review

Javier is the pitcher for his baseball team; Which of the following best describes what happens to the ball right after Javier throws a pitch?

• Kinetic energy is transferred from the ball to the air.

• Potential energy is transferred from the ball to the air.

• Kinetic energy is transferred from Javier’s arm to the ball.

• Potential energy is transferred from Javier’s arm to the ball.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Mia usually has toast with her breakfast, so she places a slice of bread into the toaster and presses the button. A few minutes later, the toasted bread pops up, brown and crispy. Mia reaches down and lifts the toast to eat it, but then the toast drops on the floor.

What type of energy transformations take place in this scenario? Choose two.

• A) gravitational potential energy from Mia’s arm transforming into kinetic energy in the bread as it is lifted

• B) electrical energy from the toaster transforming into heat energy in the bread as it is toasted

• C) potential energy from the toaster transforming into heat energy in the bread as it is toasted

• D) kinetic energy from the toaster transforming into chemical energy in the bread after it is toasted

• E) gravitational potential energy transforming into kinetic energy in the bread as the bread falls down to the floor

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

There are several forms of energy: electromagnetic, radiation, mechanical, electrical, thermal, chemical, and nuclear.

Which forms of energy show both potential and kinetic energy?

• A) electromagnetic, mechanical, thermal

• B) nuclear, electrical, electromagnetic

• C) nuclear, thermal, electrical

• D) mechanical, thermal, electrical

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

Allie took archery lessons and became proficient after several months. She placed the arrow into the bowstring, pulled it back, and released the arrow. She did not hit the bullseye, so she decided to shoot another arrow.

Describe the kinds of energy she demonstrated in each step of the process, and how they changed.

• Kinetic energy in the beginning, potential energy in the middle, and thermal energy at the end.

• Potential energy throughout the process.

• Thermal energy in the beginning, kinetic energy in the middle, and potential energy at the end.

• Kinetic energy throughout the process.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Cindy is rolling four rocks with different masses down a hill. She wants to determine the kinetic energy of each one. She creates a data table to record the information, as shown.

Based on only the information in the data table, which of the following statements is true? Choose all that apply.

• A. The kinetic energy of Rock 1 will be 760 J

• B. A graph of the completed data table will show a nonlinear, proportional relationship between kinetic energy and mass.

• C. The kinetic energy of Rock 4 will be 95 J.

• D. The kinetic energy of Rock 1 will be 380 J.

• E. A graph of the completed data table will show a linear, proportional relationship between kinetic energy and mass.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Saheed chews his food to break it down into smaller pieces. The saliva released by glands in his mouth breaks the carbohydrates he ate down into simpler substances.

What changes does the food undergo in Saheed’s mouth?

• Food undergoes a physical change when it is chewed and a chemical change when saliva breaks it down into simpler substances.

• Food undergoes a chemical change when it is chewed and a physical change when saliva breaks it down into simpler substances.

• Food undergoes a physical change when it is chewed and another physical change when saliva breaks it down into simpler substances.

• Food undergoes a chemical change when it is chewed and another chemical change when saliva breaks it down into simpler substances.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

The simplest type of substance is a(n) ​​ (a)   , and the basic unit of this substance is a(n) ​ (b)   ​ . Different elements can combine chemically to form a(n) ​ (c)   . The basic unit of these substances, called a(n) ​ (d)   , is made of two or more atoms. When different substances combine only physically, a ​ (e)   forms.

• atom
• element
• compound
• molecule
• mixture

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NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Julia woke up this morning and cooked an egg with grated cheese and toast for breakfast. She looked out the window

and noticed that it was foggy. She rode to school in a bus fueled by natural gas. The bus had a rough floor so the

students would not slip. During classes, she wrote on paper with a pen. For lunch, she had a sandwich and a red

apple. The digestion of her lunch gave her energy to keep warm and move from place to place.

Which of these choices are chemical changes that Julia experienced?

• rough texture of floor, red color of apple

• digestion of food, burning of natural gas

• grating cheese, water condensing into fog

• writing on paper, looking out the window

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

Miko and Natalie are on a camping trip, and they pitch their tent by a river. They know the river water contains dissolved minerals, but the water is clear. Which term best describes the matter in the river?

• suspension

• pure substance

• heterogeneous mixture

• solution

Cake batter undergoes chemical changes as it bakes. What evidence can you observe that shows the batter has undergone chemical changes?

• change in color, gas given off, and energy absorbed

• precipitate formed, gas given off, and energy given off

• energy given off, precipitate formed, and change in color

• energy absorbed, change in color, and precipitate formed

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2