AP Chemistry Vocab Review Part 1

Capacitance Effect

• The ability of a material to conduct electricity.

• The tendency of a material to store charge, affecting intermolecular interactions.

• The process of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.

• The measure of a material's resistance to electric current.

Enzyme Catalysis

• A biological process where enzymes speed up chemical reactions.

• A method of DNA replication.

• A type of cellular respiration.

• A process of protein synthesis.

Reaction Quotient (Q)

• The ratio of product and reactant concentrations at any point in a reaction.

• The measure of the speed of a reaction.

• The total concentration of reactants at equilibrium.

• The difference in energy between products and reactants.

D-Block Elements

• Transition metals that have completely filled d orbitals.

• Transition metals that have partially filled d orbitals.

• Non-metals that have partially filled d orbitals.

• Alkali metals with d orbitals.

Precipitate

• A gas that escapes from a liquid during boiling.

• A solid that forms in a solution during a chemical reaction.

• A liquid that evaporates when heated.

• A color change that occurs in a chemical reaction.

Mass Defect

• The difference between the actual mass of an atom and the sum of its individual particles.

• The total mass of an atom including its electrons.

• The mass of an atom when it is ionized.

• The mass of an atom in a vacuum.

Alkalinity

• The ability of a solution to neutralize acids.

• The measure of a solution's acidity.

• The concentration of dissolved salts in a solution.

• The temperature at which a solution boils.

Solubility Equilibria

• The process of a solid dissolving in a liquid.

• The balance between the dissolution and precipitation of a compound.

• The temperature at which a substance melts.

• The concentration of a solute in a saturated solution.

State Function

• A property that depends only on the initial and final states, not the path taken.

• A property that depends on the path taken between two states.

• A property that can change based on external conditions.

• A property that is always constant regardless of the states.

Photon

• A packet of light energy emitted when an electron moves to a lower energy level.

• A type of particle that has mass and is responsible for gravity.

• A wave of electromagnetic radiation that can travel through a vacuum.

• A unit of measurement for the intensity of light.