Memory - Chapter 6

An intention to learn typically has what effect?

• Decreases the chance of distortion

• Enhances the accuracy of recall substancially

• Fails to exert a significant effect

• Reduces the amount of time required to learn material

• Reduces retention and accuracy

Jenkins and Russell (1952) observes that ____ are more likely to be grouped together in a free recall?

Which is the best definition of an episodic memory?

• A memory consisting of generalized knowledge of the world

• A memory of specific events located at a specific point in time

• A memory that can not be stated explicitly

• A memory that can obly be recalled in parts

• A memory for how to perform a certain task

Patient HM developed deficits for episodic long-term memory after damage to which structure?

• The basal ganglia

• The temporal lobes

• The hippocampus

• The hypothalamus

• The frontal lobes

Which data did Barlett (1932) utilize to identify how information may be encoded?

• Physiology

• Response times

• Participant characteristics

• Patterns of correct responses

• Patterns of errors

Chase and Ericsson (1981) tested SF, a graduate student, who by the end of the experiment, could remember sequences of 80 digits. How did SF manage to achieve this result?

• He developed an organization scheme based on running times

• He was a genius

• His hippocampus was larger than usual

• His prefrontal cortex was more active than usual

• He was helped by the recency effect

What did Barlett argue Ebbinghaus had studied by examining memory without meaning?

• Stereotyping

• Response bias

• Repetition Habits

• Experimenter effects

• Reasoning

Which of these criticisms can be fairly leveled against Bartlett's account of memory

• It has not been supported by studies replicating the methodologies

• It does not allow us to use real-world stimuli

• It does not consider the role of meaning in memory

• It can result in deliberate guessing rather than true recall

• It can never be tested using well-controlled methodologies

What is the central principle behind the transfer-appropriate processing hypothesis?

• The test should match encoding conditions in order to reveal prior learning

• Studying should be carried out in numerous contexts to generalize learning

• Recognition tests are almost always an invalid measure of previous learning

• Studied words should all be unrelated to avoid pre-existing memory associations

• New memories interfere with older memories

When participant are not warned in advance that there will be a memory test, this can still result in what phenomenon?

• Generalization

• Incidental forgetting

• Participant attrition

• Demand characteristics

• Incidental Learning