OSE - Genetics L1-6 Review*

What is the role of genes in heredity?

• Genes are units of heredity that contribute to an organism's traits.

• Genes are responsible for the physical environment of an organism.

• Genes are only found in animals and not in plants.

• Genes determine the lifespan of an organism.

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What does heterozygous mean?

• Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

• Having two different alleles for a particular gene.

• Having no alleles for a particular gene.

• Having multiple alleles for a particular gene.

What is an allele?

• A type of chromosome

• A variant form of a gene

• A protein structure

• A type of mutation

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What is a recessive trait?

• A trait that is always expressed in the phenotype.

• A trait that is masked by a dominant trait.

• A trait that can only be inherited from one parent.

• A trait that is expressed only in homozygous individuals.

What is selective breeding?

• A method of breeding that involves random mating of plants and animals.

• The process of breeding plants and animals for specific genetic traits.

• A technique used to create genetically modified organisms.

• A way to enhance the natural selection process in wildlife.

What is a carrier in genetics?

• An individual who has two copies of a dominant allele and exhibits the trait.

• An individual who has one copy of a recessive allele and does not exhibit the trait.

• An individual who has no copies of any alleles and cannot pass on traits.

• An individual who has one copy of a dominant allele and exhibits the trait.

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What is the significance of a pedigree chart?

• A pedigree chart is used to track the inheritance of traits across generations.

• A pedigree chart is a tool for measuring the height of plants.

• A pedigree chart is used to analyze the color of flowers in a garden.

• A pedigree chart is a method for counting the number of animals in a habitat.

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What does homozygous mean?

• Having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

• Having two different alleles for a particular gene.

• Having one allele for a gene.

• Having no alleles for a gene.

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

• Genotype refers to the observable traits of an organism, while phenotype refers to the genetic makeup.

• Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits.

• Genotype and phenotype are the same and can be used interchangeably.

• Genotype refers to the environmental influences on an organism, while phenotype refers to the inherited characteristics.

What is a Punnett square?

• A model that helps make genetic predictions.

• A type of genetic mutation.

• A method for measuring genetic diversity.

• A technique for cloning organisms.