Key Sociologists and Concepts in Sociology

Who is known as the 'Father of Sociology'?

• Auguste Comte

• Karl Marx

• Emile Durkheim

• Max Weber

What term did Auguste Comte coin?

• Sociology

• Psychology

• Anthropology

• Philosophy

What is positivism?

• A philosophy developed by Auguste Comte emphasizing empirical, scientific methods in sociology.

• A belief system that prioritizes intuition over empirical evidence.

• A theory that suggests all knowledge is derived from sensory experience.

• A method of analysis that focuses solely on abstract reasoning.

What is the looking-glass self?

• A theory that suggests our self-concept is shaped by how we imagine others perceive us.

• A concept that describes how we develop our identity through social media.

• A psychological phenomenon where individuals reflect on their own thoughts and feelings.

• A method of self-assessment based on personal achievements.

Who developed conflict theory?

• Max Weber

• Emile Durkheim

• Karl Marx

• Sigmund Freud

What is Social Darwinism?

• The belief that social progress results from the competition of individuals.

• The application of evolutionary concepts that traits that help organisms survive and reproduce become more common in future generations. (survival of the fittest)

• A theory that suggests all societies evolve in a linear fashion.

• The idea that government intervention in the economy is necessary for social progress.

What is culture shock?

• A feeling of excitement when experiencing a new culture.

• The feeling of disorientation or confusion when encountering an unfamiliar culture.

• A term used to describe cultural festivals around the world.

• The process of adapting to a new cultural environment.

What is race in sociological terms?

• A biologically defined category based on genetic differences.

• A socially constructed category based on perceived physical differences, not biologically meaningful but with significant social implications.

• A classification system based on cultural practices and beliefs.

• A term used to describe the economic status of individuals.

What concept did W.E.B. Du Bois introduce for African Americans?

• Double consciousness

• Cultural assimilation

• Social Darwinism

• Racial uplift

What concept did Max Weber develop?

• Ideal types

• Social contract

• Cultural relativism

• Utilitarianism