Which of the following is NOT a principle of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

• Customer focus

• Continuous improvement

• Individualism in decision-making

• Employee involvement

What does the acronym "DMAIC" stand for in Six Sigma?

• Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control

• Design, Manage, Assess, Implement, Correct

• Develop, Measure, Adjust, Integrate, Check

• Determine, Maintain, Analyze, Improve, Control

Who is considered the father of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

• Philip B. Crosby

• W. Edwards Deming

• Joseph M. Juran

• Kaoru Ishikawa

The goal of Six Sigma is to achieve a defect rate of:

• 3.4 defects per million opportunities

• 1% defect rate

• Zero defects

• 99.9% accuracy

In TQM, which tool is most commonly used for identifying the root cause of a problem?

• Scatter diagram

• Fishbone diagram

• Control chart

• Pareto chart

What is the primary focus of Six Sigma methodology?

• Customer satisfaction

• Cost reduction

• Process variation reduction

• Employee empowerment

Which TQM principle emphasizes that quality is a responsibility shared by all employees?

• Supplier quality management

• Employee involvement

• Process management

• Customer focus

The Pareto Principle, used in TQM and Six Sigma, suggests that:

• 80% of problems come from 20% of causes

• 50% of defects can be eliminated with minimal effort

• Quality is dependent only on top management

• All defects occur due to random errors

In Six Sigma, what is the role of a Green Belt?

• Leads Six Sigma projects independently

• Assists Black Belts in project execution

• Trains new employees on Six Sigma principles

• Designs new products using Six Sigma

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of implementing Six Sigma?

• Increased process efficiency

• Reduced variation in outputs

• Guaranteed 100% defect-free products

• Improved customer satisfaction