Key Vocab - 10. Classification of Plants

Gymnosperm

• A group of flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed in a fruit.

• A group of seed-producing vascular plants whose seeds are not enclosed in a fruit, developing on the surfaces of cones.

• A type of plant that reproduces through spores instead of seeds.

• A category of plants that only grow in aquatic environments.

Angiosperm

• A group of non-flowering plants that produce seeds in cones.

• A group of flowering vascular plants that produce seeds enclosed in a fruit.

• A type of algae that reproduces through spores.

• A category of fungi that forms symbiotic relationships with plants.

Cotyledon

• Cotyledons provide stored nutrients to the growing seedling.

• The first leaf or pair of leaves that develop in a plant embryo inside the seed.

• The outer protective layer of a seed.

• The part of the plant that absorbs water and nutrients from the soil.

Producer

• An organism that can make its own food, usually through photosynthesis.

• An organism that consumes other organisms for energy.

• An organism that decomposes organic material.

• An organism that relies on external sources for food.

Pteridophyte

• A type of flowering plant that reproduces using seeds.

• A group of vascular, spore-producing plants that includes ferns, horsetails, and club mosses.

• A non-vascular plant that reproduces using spores.

• A type of aquatic plant that has no true roots.

Seed Coat (Testa)

• The outer layer of a seed that protects the embryo from damage, dehydration, and pathogens until germination occurs.

• The inner layer of a seed that provides nutrients to the embryo during germination.

• The part of the seed that absorbs water and initiates the germination process.

• The structure that allows for gas exchange in the seed during dormancy.

Bryophyte

• A group of flowering plants that produce seeds

• A group of nonvascular plants that includes mosses, liverworts, and hornworts

• A type of vascular plant that has true roots and leaves

• A category of aquatic plants that thrive in water