Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Quiz

Which scientist is known for formulating the law of gravity?

• Galileo Galilei

• Johannes Kepler

• Isaac Newton

• Nicolaus Copernicus

What was the heliocentric theory?

• The belief that Earth is the center of the universe

• The idea that the sun is at the center of the universe

• A system explaining planetary motion using epicycles

• A method of measuring time using the stars

How did the Scientific Revolution influence the Enlightenment?

• It encouraged a return to religious dogma

• It supported the idea of absolute monarchy

• It promoted reason and observation as sources of knowledge

• It discouraged questioning traditional beliefs

Who wrote *The Spirit of the Laws* and promoted the idea of separation of powers?

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Montesquieu

What was a key belief of Enlightenment thinker John Locke?

• People are naturally evil and need a strong ruler

• Government should protect life, liberty, and property

• Society should be organized by divine right

• Monarchs should rule without limits

Voltaire is best known for promoting which Enlightenment ideal?

• Religious intolerance

• Absolute monarchy

• Freedom of speech and religion

• Military expansion

What was a central idea of Rousseau’s political philosophy?

• Divine right of kings

• Social contract and the general will

• Military dictatorship

• Rule by aristocracy

What method was emphasized during the Scientific Revolution?

• Divine revelation

• Mythological reasoning

• The scientific method

• Feudal tradition

Which Enlightenment idea most influenced the American and French Revolutions?

• Rule by divine right

• Religious orthodoxy

• Consent of the governed

• Absolute monarchy

What was a major impact of the Enlightenment on Europe?

• Strengthened the power of the Catholic Church

• Ended all monarchies

• Inspired democratic revolutions and reform movements

• Returned society to medieval values