CFA #2 RNA & Protein Synthesis (12.1 & 12.2)

For each missing word or phrase, select the choice that correctly completes the sentence. In the process of ________________, DNA is used as a template for making another type of nucleic acid called (ATP / pyruvate / RNA / NADPH). The process begins when the enzyme (RNA polymerase / DNA replicase / ATP synthase / catalase) binds to a region of DNA.

• translation
• replication
• differentiation
• transcription

For each missing word or phrase, select the choice that correctly completes the sentence. In the process of (translation / replication / differentiation / transcription), DNA is used as a template for making another type of nucleic acid called _______________. The process begins when the enzyme (RNA polymerase / DNA replicase / ATP synthase / catalase) binds to a region of DNA.

• ATP
• pyruvate
• RNA
• NADPH

For each missing word or phrase, select the choice that correctly completes the sentence. In the process of (translation / replication / differentiation / transcription), DNA is used as a template for making another type of nucleic acid called (ATP / pyruvate / RNA / NADPH). The process begins when the enzyme _______________ binds to a region of DNA.

• RNA polymerase
• DNA replicase
• ATP synthase
• catalase

The diagram shows the process in which pre-mRNA is changed into mRNA. Which events are described in the diagram?

• Introns are removed, and remaining exons are spliced together.
• Exons are removed, and remaining introns are spliced together.
• Introns and exons are removed, and remaining DNA is spliced together.
• Introns are removed, condensed, and then combined again.

Identify the different types of RNA.

Groups:

(a) mRNA

,

(b) tRNA

,

(c) rRNA

• Carries copies of the instructions for assembling proteins

• Carries amino acids and matches them to the coded message for assembling proteins.

• Makes up the subunits of ribosomes.

In which ways is RNA different from DNA?

Groups:

(a) RNA

,

(b) DNA

• contains the sugar deoxyribose

• contains the sugar ribose

• contains thymine

• generally single-stranded

• contains uracil

Which of these events occurs first during the process of transcription?

• RNA polymerase joins nucleotides into the RNA molecule.
• RNA polymerase zips back together the split DNA molecule.
• Introns are removed from the RNA molecule.
• Exons are removed from the RNA molecule.

George is studying a computer model of a DNA molecule, in which the letters A, C, G, and T are listed in a very long sequence. The model includes a total of 2000 genes that are scattered along the full length of the molecule. The genes make up only a small fraction of the molecule.

• RNA polymerase joins nucleotides into the RNA molecule.
• RNA polymerase zips back together the split DNA molecule.
• Introns are removed from the RNA molecule.
• Exons are removed from the RNA molecule.

The "language" of RNA is called the ________________, and it uses three-letter "words" called (polypeptides/amino acids/codons/nucleotides).

• nucleotide strategy
• transcription strategy
• substitution mutation
• genetic code

The "language" of RNA is called the (nucleotide strategy/transcription strategy/substitution mutation/genetic code), and it uses three-letter "words" called ________________.

• polypeptides
• amino acids
• codons
• nucleotides