What is stratified sampling?

Stratified sampling is when you identify the subgroups and select participants in proportion to their occurrences.

Stratified sampling is when you randomly select participants without considering subgroups.

Stratified sampling is when you select participants based on convenience.

Stratified sampling is when you select participants based on their willingness to participate.

What is snowball sampling?

Snowball sampling is when researchers find a few participants, and then ask them to find participants themselves and so on.

Snowball sampling is a method where researchers randomly select participants from a large pool.

Snowball sampling involves selecting participants based on their availability and willingness to participate.

Snowball sampling is a technique where researchers use a computer algorithm to select participants.

What is quota sampling?

Quota sampling is when researchers will be told to ensure the sample fits certain quotas, for example they might be told to find 90 participants, with 30 of them being unemployed.

Quota sampling is a method where participants are selected randomly without any specific criteria.

Quota sampling involves selecting participants based on their willingness to participate.

Quota sampling is a technique where the entire population is surveyed.

What is the independent variable in an experiment?

The independent variable is the one the experimenter manipulates (the thing that changes between the conditions the participants are placed into). It is assumed to have a direct effect on the dependent variable.

The independent variable is the outcome that is measured in the experiment.

The independent variable is the constant that does not change throughout the experiment.

The independent variable is the variable that is kept the same in all conditions.

What is the dependent variable in an experiment?

The dependent variable is the thing being measured, or the results of the experiment.

The dependent variable is the factor that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment.

The dependent variable is the hypothesis being tested in the experiment.

The dependent variable is the constant factor that does not change throughout the experiment.

What are extraneous variables?

Extraneous variables are all variables which are not independent variables but could affect the results of the experiment.

Extraneous variables are the main variables that are manipulated in an experiment.

Extraneous variables are the desired outcomes of an experiment.

Extraneous variables are the constants that do not change during an experiment.

What are demand characteristics?

Demand characteristics are a type of extraneous variable that occurs if the participants work out the aims of the research study, they may begin to behave in a certain way.

Demand characteristics are the physical features of a product that influence consumer demand.

Demand characteristics refer to the economic factors that determine the demand for a product.

Demand characteristics are the psychological traits that influence consumer behavior.

How are situational variables controlled?

Situational variables are controlled by using standardized procedures, ensuring every participant in a given condition is treated in the same way.

Situational variables are controlled by allowing participants to choose their own conditions.

Situational variables are controlled by changing the conditions for each participant.

Situational variables are controlled by ignoring the differences in conditions.

What is the main problem with the repeated measures design?

Order effects may change participants' behavior.

It requires more participants than other designs.

It is more expensive to conduct.

It does not allow for within-subject comparisons.

What is a key characteristic of lab experiments?

Accurate and objective measurements are possible

Participants are not randomly allocated

What is a case study?

A case study is a research method that involves an in-depth investigation of an individual or group over an extended period of time.

A case study is a short summary of a research paper.

A case study is a fictional story used for entertainment.

A case study is a statistical analysis of numerical data.

What does correlation mean?

Correlation means association; it is a measure of the extent to which two variables are related.

Correlation means the difference between two variables.

Correlation is the process of collecting data.

Correlation is a type of graph used in statistics.

What does the graph in the image illustrate about ice cream sales and shark attacks?

The graph illustrates a correlation between ice cream sales and shark attacks.

The graph shows that ice cream sales cause shark attacks.

The graph indicates no relationship between ice cream sales and shark attacks.

The graph illustrates a decrease in ice cream sales with an increase in shark attacks.

What are unstructured interviews most useful for in research?

Qualitative research to analyze attitudes and values.

Quantitative research to gather numerical data.

Statistical analysis of structured data.

Experimental research to test hypotheses.

What is a key advantage of postal questionnaires?

They are cheaper than face-to-face interviews and can contact many respondents quickly.

They are more personal than face-to-face interviews.

They allow for more detailed responses than online surveys.

They are easier to analyze than telephone interviews.

Explain the difference between open and closed questions in questionnaires.

Open questions allow for detailed responses, while closed questions have limited response options.

Open questions have limited response options, while closed questions allow for detailed responses.

Both open and closed questions allow for detailed responses.

Neither open nor closed questions allow for detailed responses.

What is covert observation?

Covert observation is where the researcher doesn’t tell the participants they are being observed until after the study is complete.

Covert observation is when the researcher informs the participants beforehand.

Covert observation involves participants knowing they are being observed during the study.

Covert observation is a method where the researcher participates in the study.

What is overt observation?

Overt observation is where a researcher tells the participants they are being observed and what they are being observed for.

Overt observation is where a researcher observes participants without their knowledge.

Overt observation is a method where participants are observed in a controlled environment.

Overt observation involves using hidden cameras to observe participants.

What is controlled observation?

Controlled observation is where behavior is observed under controlled laboratory conditions.

Controlled observation is where behavior is observed in natural settings without any interference.

Controlled observation is a method where participants are asked to report their own behavior.

Controlled observation is a technique used to manipulate variables in a field experiment.

What is natural observation?

Natural observation is where spontaneous behavior is recorded in a natural setting.

Natural observation is a controlled experiment conducted in a laboratory.

Natural observation involves manipulating variables to observe effects.

Natural observation is a theoretical analysis without real-world application.

What is participant observation?

Participant observation is where the observer has direct contact with the group of people they are observing.

Participant observation is a method where the observer remains completely detached from the group.

Participant observation involves only observing from a distance without interaction.

Participant observation is a technique where the observer uses only secondary data sources.

What is non-participant observation?

Non-participant observation is where the researcher does not have direct contact with the people being observed.

Non-participant observation involves the researcher actively engaging with the participants.

Non-participant observation requires the researcher to influence the outcome of the study.

Non-participant observation is a method where the researcher becomes a part of the group being studied.

What is cross-sectional research?

A research design where a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time.

A research design that studies the same group of individuals over a long period.

A research design that involves manipulating one variable to determine if changes in one variable cause changes in another.

A research design that focuses on a single case or subject in depth.

What is longitudinal research?

A research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time.

A research design that focuses on a single point in time.

A method of research that involves manipulating variables to determine cause and effect.

A type of research that involves observing subjects in their natural environment without interference.

In cohort studies, what must participants share?

A common factor or characteristic such as age, demographic, or occupation.

What does mixed methods mean in research?

Using more than one research method to improve the study’s validity.

Using only qualitative research methods.

Focusing solely on quantitative data.

What is reliability in research?

A measure of consistency, if a particular measurement is repeated and the same result is obtained then it is described as being reliable.

A measure of accuracy in data collection methods.

A measure of the validity of research findings.

A measure of the significance of research results.

Meta-analysis is a method used to:

combine data from multiple studies to draw a general conclusion

analyze individual studies separately

conduct experiments in a laboratory setting

develop new theories based on a single study

One strength of meta-analysis is:

It allows for the combination of results from multiple studies to increase statistical power.

It focuses on a single study to provide detailed insights.

It disregards variations between different studies.

It reduces the need for further research.

Research Methods In Psychology

Authored by Abigail Kay

Other

11th Grade

Used 1+ times

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Research methods in psychology are used for:

Understanding human behavior

Predicting weather patterns

Designing computer software

Building architectural structures

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following is NOT a research method in psychology?

Experiments

Surveys

Case studies

Cooking

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

How many types of hypotheses are mentioned in the document?

One

Two

Three

Four

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is a Null Hypothesis (H0)?

A null hypothesis predicts that no difference will be found in the results between the conditions.

A null hypothesis is a statement that there is a significant effect or relationship.

A null hypothesis is a prediction that there will be a difference between groups.

A null hypothesis is a hypothesis that is always true.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is an Alternative Hypothesis (Ha or H1)?

An alternative hypothesis predicts that there will be a significant difference in the results between the two conditions.

An alternative hypothesis states that there is no effect or no difference.

An alternative hypothesis is a statement that can never be tested.

An alternative hypothesis is a hypothesis that is always true.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which type of hypothesis states the specific direction the researcher expects the results to move in?

One-tailed (directional) hypotheses

Two-tailed (non-directional) hypotheses

Null hypothesis

Alternative hypothesis

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which type of hypothesis states that a difference will be found but does not state the direction of the difference?

One-tailed hypothesis

Two-tailed (non-directional) hypothesis

Directional hypothesis

Null hypothesis

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Research Methods In Psychology

Research methods in psychology are used for:

Which of the following is NOT a research method in psychology?

How many types of hypotheses are mentioned in the document?

What is a Null Hypothesis (H0)?

What is an Alternative Hypothesis (Ha or H1)?

Which type of hypothesis states the specific direction the researcher expects the results to move in?

Which type of hypothesis states that a difference will be found but does not state the direction of the difference?

What is the process of selecting a representative group from the population under study called?

Which sampling method involves participants picking themselves through newspaper adverts, noticeboards, or online?

What is another name for opportunity sampling?

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